Chemical Interactions Vocabulary Investigation 5 Energy Transfer 1

Chemical Interactions Vocabulary

Investigation #5 Energy Transfer

1. Energy Transfer • The movement of energy from particle to particle. ----3 ways: – 1. conduction – 2. convection – 3. radiation

2. Conduction • Transfer of energy resulting from direct particle to particle contact. - real life example: touching a hot stove with your hand.

3. Convection • A transfer of energy through currents/cycles. -- energy “warms up” the surface, the surface “warms up” the air above it, the warm air is now less dense and begins to rise. The warm air “loses” energy to the particles around it, cools, and sinks, repeat. • “Warm up” = energy transfer • “Loses” = energy transfer

4. Radiation • Transfer of energy by waves. -- all forms of light are a common example.

5. Kinetic Energy • Energy of motion/ Energy of moving particles.

6. Law of Conservation of Energy • Scientific law that states energy can not be created nor destroyed.

7. Equilibrium • Point at which the net (total) energy transfer equals zero. (equal energy)

8. Heat • Transfer of energy from matter at higher temperature to matter at lower temperature (heat is actually the act of the transfer). • --- Energy is actually “heatless”! Heat is the result of energy movement from high to low energy.

9. Calorie • The amount of energy needed to raise 1 gram of liquid fresh water 1 degree Celsius.

10. Temperature • The average kinetic energy in a system. Put this together: This is not a measure of heat! Heat is a type of energy (thermal) that causes particles to move (kinetic). The higher the amount of energy, the faster the particles move; this equals a higher temperature. Not all particles in the system will move at the exact same speed. A thermometer measures the average motion; temperature is an average, not an exact quantity.

11. Thermometer • A scientific instrument used to measure the average amount of kinetic energy in a system. .