Chemical Energy and ATP Energy and ATP Energy

Chemical Energy and ATP

Energy and ATP • Energy in glucose & lipids is converted into ATP – Adenosine triphosphate – Energy for work is stored in ATP bonds

Energy and ATP ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE TRIPHOSPHATE P P P ENERGY • Energy in glucose & lipids is converted into ATP – Adenosine triphosphate – Energy for work is stored in ATP bonds • Energy released when 3 rd phosphate is broken off – 3 rd bond unstable…easily broken – ADP left over

Energy and ATP ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE TRIPHOSPHATE ENERGY P P • Energy in glucose & lipids is converted into ATP – Adenosine triphosphate – Energy for work is stored in ATP bonds • Energy released when 3 rd phosphate is broken off – 3 rd bond unstable…easily broken – ADP left over • ATP recreated with the addition of another phosphate group

Energy and ATP • Energy in glucose & lipids is converted into ATP – Adenosine triphosphate – Energy for work is stored in ATP bonds • Energy released when 3 rd phosphate is broken off – 3 rd bond unstable…easily broken – ADP left over • ATP recreated with the addition of another phosphate group

Dehydration synthesis… remember me?

Hydrolysis… remember me?

• Purpose: Break food into useable molecules to create ATP • High calorie foods will produce more ATP molecules Digestion Simple sugar ATP Simple sugar Complex sugar

• Purpose: Break food into useable molecules to create ATP • High calorie foods will produce more ATP molecules • Carbohydrates commonly used to make ATP – 1 glucose = 36 ATP Digestion 36 ATP

• Purpose: Break food into useable molecules to create ATP • High calorie foods will produce more ATP molecules • Carbohydrates commonly used to make ATP – 1 glucose = 36 ATP • Lipids – 1 triglyceride = 146 ATP Digestion 146 ATP

• Purpose: Break food into useable molecules to create ATP • High calorie foods will produce more ATP molecules • Carbohydrates commonly used to make ATP – 1 glucose = 36 ATP • Lipids – 1 triglyceride = 146 ATP • Proteins less likely to be broken into ATP – Amino acids are needed for other processes Digestion

Energy on Earth • Most life relies on sunlight directly or indirectly – Directly: Plants – Indirectly: Animals • Exceptions: Chemotrophs – Hydrothermal vents release chemicals called sulfides – Unique bacteria feed on the sulfides to make ATP (chemosynthesis) sulfides

Recap 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) Where is the energy of ATP stored? How is ADP and ATP different? Which process connects ADP and P to make ATP? Which process breaks ATP to make ADP and P? What’s the purpose of digestion? How much ATP is created by a molecule of glucose? How is chemosynthesis and photosynthesis similar? Different?