Chemical Composition Separating Techniques BY NAMY 7 Elements

Chemical Composition & Separating Techniques BY: NAM-Y 7

Elements are matter in its simplest form. The Periodic Table contains all known elements today. There are natural elements and synthetic (man-made elements). There actually over 100 different elements. Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev discovered the Periodic Table. Mendeleev was a Russian chemist. Mendeleev could not enter a university in Moscow but he entered a university in St. Petersburg. Mendeleev died in 1907. 63 elements were known when he invented the Periodic Table.

Periodic Table The Periodic Table contains over 100 elements. There is a line that separates metals and non-metals. It is called the Hays. Mc. Daniel line. The first element on the Periodic Table is Hydrogen. The second element on the Periodic Table is Helium. Air contains Oxygen and Nitrogen on the Periodic Table. It is because air contains oxygen and nitrogen. The elements can be separated into groups such as noble gases, halogens, alkali metals, and chalcogens.

Compounds A compound is two or more different elements combine chemically. An example of a compound is water. Water contains hydrogen and oxygen. Water does not contain the same properties as hydrogen and oxygen at room temperature. At room temperature, water exists as a liquid, while hydrogen and oxygen exist as gases. Table salt is an another example of a compound. Table salt contains sodium and chlorine.

Mixtures A mixture is two or more different elements or maybe even compounds combine physically. Mixtures can be made of both elements and compounds. Examples of types of mixtures are liquid-liquid or a solid-liquid mixture. An example of a solid-liquid mixture is sugar cane juice. Sugar cane juice is made of sugar in water. An example of a liquid-liquid mixture is vinegar. Vinegar is made of ethanoic acid and water. Mixtures have the properties of the substances it is made of.

Solutions are the mixture of the solute and solvent. Solutions happen when the solute dissolves to a point where it can’t be seen anymore. An example of a solution is saltwater. The solute is the salt. Solvent dissolves the solute. An example of a solvent is water. A solvent added to a solute produces a solution. A type of solutions can be suspensions. A suspension is a mixture In which insoluble substances are suspended in a liquid or gas.

Solubility There are three factors that affect the solubility of a solute. The first one is the nature of the solvent. The second one is the nature of the solute. The third one is temperature. Nature of the solvent is when a certain part of the solution is not soluble in one part but soluble in the other. Nature of the solute is when different solutes have solubilities in the same solvent. Temperature affects solubility. Temperature can make solubility faster by making less particles.

Magnetic attraction is a method of separating magnetic mixtures. Magnetic attraction can be used to separate magnetic items from nonmagnetic items. We can use magnetic attraction to separate sand iron fillings together. The iron fillings attract to the magnet but sand is not. This is because iron is magnetic but sand is not magnetic.

Filtration and Evaporation Filtration is a separating technique. It can be used to separate sand water. Filtration is really easy to use and set up. Evaporation is when you heat a liquid to remove the liquid and the solid will be left behind. Evaporation can be used to separate salt and water.

Distillation