Charcoal Introduction to Chiaroscuro Italian chiaro bright light

Charcoal Introduction to Chiaroscuro Italian : chiaro, bright, light (from Latin clārus, clear) + oscuro, dark (from Latin obscūrus). ] (kē-är'ə-skʊr'ō) key are a suro • Chiaroscuro- is a term describing the effects of light and shade in a work of art, particularly when they are strongly contrasting. • Chiaroscuro was used in drawing, painting and printmaking. • Leonardo Da Vinci was a pioneer of bold chiaroscuro, but the term is most usually associated with 17 th century artists, particularly the Caravaggisti and Rembrandt. Da Vinci Study of Arms Hands

Terms to know: • Value – difference in hue or neutral ranging from lightest to darkest • Form- a 3 D object measured by height, width and depth • Space- refers to the emptiness or area between, around, above, below or with in objects. – Negative space – the area of empty space surrounding shapes and forms (ground) – Positive space- the area of shapes or forms in a 2 or 3 dimensional work of art • Contrast- shows differences between the elements of art • Proportion- concerned with the size relationships of one part to another • Still Life – painting or drawing of inanimate (no-moving) objects placed in an arranged setting Ugo da Carpi, (Italy) Diogenes Woodcut 1527

Leonardo Da Vinci 1452 -1519 Leonardo Da Vinci Florentine (Italian Renaissance) Mona Lisa 1503 -1506

Leonardo Da Vinci Girl with a Dali Rose

Leonardo Da Vinci Lady with an Ermine in Cracow

Rembrandt Van Rijn 1606 -1669 Dutch Girl with a Broom 1461 Rembrandt • Born in Leydon, Holland in 1606 to a well-to-do miler. • Rembrandt was fascinated by old faces and completed 11 portraits of his father and several of his mother. • Rembrandt’s inspiration came from the wide world of human beings that he found in his own backyard, which meant he never had to leave Amsterdam.

Rembrandt Van Rijn Self Portrait • Rembrandt prospered with his portraits for 8 years. • Rembrandt was unique amongst artist in that he created approximately forty to fifty self portrait paintings, about thirtytwo etchings, and seven drawings. • Most artist only produce a handful of self portraits in their lifetime.

Rembrandt Van Rijn The Night Watch 1642 After his wife died of tuberculosis he was left with his two sons and his work took a turn. He took a serious approach to his studies where he focused less on what the public wanted and more on his painting ideals. Commissioned by the Militia Guard

Michelangelo Caravaggio 1571 -1610 Italian David with the Head of Goliath 1607 • Caravaggio believed that real life was his subjects and never used a model to draw from. • Caravaggio’s technique of chiaroscuro (light and shadow), which was of the utmost importance, led him on a path to become one of the greatest painters.

“The Calling of St. Matthew”, an altar piece for the Church of Saint Luigi dei Francesi in Rome, but was not excepted because St. Matthew was presented as a peasant with dirty feet. The use of real people seen through the eyes of Caravaggio was not what the church wanted the saint to be portrayed as. Therefore they did not except his painting. Caravaggio died at the age of 45. His portrayal of real people and real life was shown in his use of light and shadow and had a profound influence on Rembrandt and other painters for the next 300 years in Holland, Flanders, Spain and France. Michelangelo Caravaggio 1599 -1600 The Calling of Saint Matthew

Michelangelo Caravaggio 1599 -1600 Doubting Thomas

• • • Charcoal Materials and HB Charcoal pencil Presentation Tortillion 90 lb charcoal paper Tissues Kneaded eraser Masking tape Drawing boards Exacto knives Sand paper block Scrap paper Vinyl eraser