CHARACTERISTICS OF MINERALS Color Streak Luster Crystal form

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSCOLOR • Color: –Small amounts of different elements can give the same

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSCOLOR Quartz • Is a poor mineral indicator • Minerals can be

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSSTREAK • Streak: is the color of a mineral in its powdered

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSLUSTER • Luster: is used to describe how light is reflected from

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALS • Non-metallic LUSTER • Metallic –Looks like metal –Leaves a dark

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSCRYSTAL FORM • Crystal form: is the visible expression of a mineral’s

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSHARDNESS • Hardness: is a measure of the resistance of a mineral

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSCLEAVAGE • Cleavage: is the tendency of a mineral to cleave, or

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSFRACTURE • Minerals that do not show cleavage when broken are said

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSDENSITY • Density: is a property of all matter that is the

IMPORTANT • All minerals are rocks!!! • Not all rocks are minerals nor are

WHAT IS A ROCK? • Rocks are any solid mass of mineral or minerallike

WHAT IS AN IGNEOUS ROCK? • Igneous rocks –Created from cooling of melted rock

IGNEOUS ROCKS-CHARACTERISTICS • Most igneous rocks are very hard • Made of crystals •

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CHARACTERISTICS OF MINERALS • Color • Streak • Luster • Crystal form • Hardness • Cleavage • Fracture • Density

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSCOLOR • Color: –Small amounts of different elements can give the same mineral different colors.

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSCOLOR Quartz • Is a poor mineral indicator • Minerals can be multiple colors • Many minerals are the same color

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSSTREAK • Streak: is the color of a mineral in its powdered form. • More reliable than color

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSLUSTER • Luster: is used to describe how light is reflected from the surface of a mineral.

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALS • Non-metallic LUSTER • Metallic –Looks like metal –Leaves a dark streak (black, grey, green, or brown) on a white streak plate –Looks waxy, greasy or brilliant –Leaves white or no streak on a black streak plate

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSCRYSTAL FORM • Crystal form: is the visible expression of a mineral’s internal arrangement of atoms.

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSHARDNESS • Hardness: is a measure of the resistance of a mineral to being scratched. • Mohs scale: consists of 10 minerals arranged from 10 (hardest) to 1 (softest)

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSCLEAVAGE • Cleavage: is the tendency of a mineral to cleave, or break, along flat, even surfaces. • At least one distinct flat side when broken

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSFRACTURE • Minerals that do not show cleavage when broken are said to fracture. • Fracture: the uneven breakage of a mineral

CHARACTERISTIC OF MINERALSDENSITY • Density: is a property of all matter that is the ratio of an object’s mass to its volume.

IMPORTANT • All minerals are rocks!!! • Not all rocks are minerals nor are they composed of minerals!!! • Example: Coal is a rock and it is organic

WHAT IS A ROCK? • Rocks are any solid mass of mineral or minerallike matter occurring naturally as part of our planet. • Types of Rocks –Igneous –Metamorphic –Sedimentary

WHAT IS AN IGNEOUS ROCK? • Igneous rocks –Created from cooling of melted rock called magma –As the magma cools it crystallizes

IGNEOUS ROCKS-CHARACTERISTICS • Most igneous rocks are very hard • Made of crystals • Layering is not common in igneous rocks