Chapters 56 Gastrointestinal System AKA GI tract Reminder

Chapters 5&6 Gastrointestinal System AKA GI tract

Reminder! • This is an outline of the chapter material • Medical terminology students are expected to know ALL word parts and terms built from word parts • In class, I will narrow down which of the pathological and procedural terms at the back of the chapters are required – this also goes for the abbreviations

BOLUS: example is a bite of pizza MASTICATION: chewing STRUCTURES: papillae, rugae Faci/o Facial

Or/o=stomat/o • Pathology terms on page 163 • Aphthous stomatitis: canker sore • Herpetic stomatitis: cold sore

• Labi/o=cheil/o – Labial – Cheilorrhaphy

• Bucc/o – Buccal mucosa • Dent/I, odont/o – Dentist – Orthodontist – Dentalgia

• Gingiv/o – Gingivitis

• Gloss/o=lingu/o – Glossitis – Hemiglossectomy – Sublingual

• Mandibul/o – Submandibular • Palat/o – Cleft palate – Palatoplasty • Uvul/o – Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty • • Uvul/o Palat/o Pharyng/o -plasty

• Sialaden/o – Sialadenitis • Sial/o – Sialolithiasis – Lith/o = stone • -prandial – Postprandial – Abdominal pain may occur postprandial.

First abbreviation- more to come! • NPO • nothing by mouth = nil per os

DEGLUTITION: swallowing PERISTALSIS

• Pharyng/o – Pharyngitis – Glossopharyngeal • Esophag/o • Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) • Pathology terms, pg 164 – Achalasia – Esophageal varices

• -phagia – Aphagia – Dysphagia • -tresia – Esophageal atresia • Upper GI series-(page 194)

DIGESTION: breakdown of food STRUCTURES: rugae Gastr/o gastrodynia gastritis Chlorhydr/o Pylor/o pyloric stenosis pyloroplasty pyloromyotomy

-pepsia – dyspepsia • -stenosis – pyloric stenosis • -emesis → – hematemesis

Some Abbreviations • EGD – Esophag/o/gastr/o/duoden/o/scopy • GERD – Gastroesophageal reflux disease – Reflux means flowing backwards • PUD – Peptic ulcer disease – Usually in stomach or duodenum – Gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer ←

• Pathology terms on page 165 – Gastroesophageal reflux disease – Peptic ulcer disease • Melena on page 162

• celi/o=lapar/o=abdomin/o • Pathology on page 161 – Ascites – Abdominocentesis, paracentesis • Peritone/o – Peritonitis

EMULSIFICATION: bile breaks down fat Enter/o – enterocolitis Duoden/o - duodenitis Jejun/o - cholecystojejunostomy Ile/o – ileocecal valve

Duoden/o Choledoch/o choledocholithiasis Cholangi/o cholangiogram Cholecyst/o cholecystitis Hepat/o Bil/i, chol/e – hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice page 162

Duoden/o Choledoch/o Cholangi/o Pancreat/o Pancreatitis amyl/o, lip/o, prote/o, -ase Exocrine function

ABSORPTION STRUCTURES: villi Jejun/o Ile/o

Anastomosis • Two word roots • Gastrojejunostomy • Gastric bypass surgery • One word root: – Gastrostomy

Where are the stones? • Additional nonstructural combining form: – Lith/o • Pathology on page 169: – Cholelithiasis – Choledocholithiasis

ELIMINATION Cec/o Append/o=appendic/o

Large intestine • Col/o=colon/o – Ascending, transverse, descending colon

• Sigmoid/o • Rect/o=proct/o • An/o

• Pathology pages 166: – Polyps – Diverticulosis – Diverticulitis • -chezia – Hematochezia – Stool guaiac • BRBPR • BE (page 194) • IBD (page 168)