Chapter Two Part Two BOC and IBE Reasoning
Chapter Two, Part Two BOC and IBE Reasoning
BOC REASONING • Coming to decisions often involves weighing considerations both pro and con. • Should I get a dog? • There are reasons for doing so, and reasons against doing so. • I must weigh them. © 2012 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All Rights Reserved.
Weighing considerations often involves both deductive and inductive reasoning. © 2012 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All Rights Reserved.
I shouldn’t get a dog because my landlord won’t allow it in the house and you shouldn’t get a dog if you can’t let it into the house. Valid deductive argument! © 2012 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All Rights Reserved.
My landlord won’t allow a dog in the house because it says in the lease I am not permitted to have a dog. Inductive argument: conclusion is supported by premise but not proved, because landlord might make an exception. © 2012 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All Rights Reserved.
“Balance of Considerations” reasoning often involves both deductive and inductive reasoning. © 2012 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All Rights Reserved.
IBE REASONING © 2012 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All Rights Reserved.
Many inductive arguments involve an Inference to the Best Explanation (IBE). © 2012 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All Rights Reserved.
Why is there a hole in the garden? The best explanation is that the dog dug it. Therefore the hole probably was due to the dog’s digging it. Why did I bomb the midterm? The best explanation is that I didn’t study hard enough. Therefore my bombing the midterm was probably due to my not studying hard enough. © 2012 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All Rights Reserved.
An IBE supports a conclusion, but does not prove it. IBEs are inductive, not deductive. © 2012 Mc. Graw-Hill Higher Education. All Rights Reserved.
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