Chapter Six Layout of the Facilities Meaning of

Chapter Six Layout of the Facilities

Meaning of Layout � Layout: The physical disposition of the facilities or plant and of the various parts of the plant.

Types of Layout �Product Layout - It serves the need of the product /service. �Process Layout – It serves the need of the process.

Criteria for a good layout � Maximum flexibility – A good layout can be rapidly modified to meet the changing circumstances. � Maximum coordination – Entry into, disposal from, any department should be in such manner that it is most convenient to the issuing or receiving departments. � Maximum use of volume – A good layout should make maximum use of the available spaces. � Maximum visibility – All the people and materials should be readily observable at all the times.

Criteria for good Layout Cont… � Maximum accessibility – All serving and maintenance points should be accessible. � Minimum distance – All movements should be both necessary and direct. � Minimum handling – the handling of material should be reduced to a minimum. � Minimum discomfort – Poor lightening, excessive sunlight, heat, noise, etc. should be minimized.

Criteria for good Layout Cont… � Inherent safety – All layouts should be inherently safe, and no person should be exposed to danger. � Maximum security – safe guards against fire, moisture, theft and general deterioration should be provided in the original layout. � Efficient process flow – Ensure that paper and materials flow in one direction. � Identification – Wherever possible, working groups should be provided with their ‘own’ working space.

Advantages of Good Layout � The overall process time and cost will be minimized by reducing unnecessary handling and movement � Supervision and control will elimination of hidden corners. be simplified by � Changes in the program can be most readily accommodated. � Total output from a given facility will be as high as possible by making the maximum effective use of available space and resources. � Quality of the products or service will be sustained by safer and more effective methods of operations.

Planning the Layout � The following information should be available before a layout can be planned. � The company organizational structure. � The type of production/operating system to be employed. � The �A type and quantity of people involved. dimensional plan of the space to be laid out. � The volume of work to be produced from the space, both immediately and in the foreseeable future.

Planning the Layout Conti…. � The operations to be undertaken, their descriptions, sequence and standard times. � The equipment needed to carry out the operations and special requirements. � The number of materials from one work center to another during representative working period. � The volume of material or buffer stocks required at each work station. � The volume of main stores and finished goods store required.

Planning the Layout Conti… � The lines of communication and fire exits required. � Any special requirements – burglar alarming, for example – imposed by the local authority or by the insurer. � Any special inspection requirements. � Any special geographical requirements which must be met. � Any spare facilities or equipment which will need

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