CHAPTER 9 Mental Disorders Objectives 1 Compare and

CHAPTER 9 Mental Disorders Objectives: 1. Compare and contrast organic and functional disorders. 2. Describe the four categories of functional mental disorders.

MENTAL DISORDERS • What are they? ? ? • Rooted in emotional, psychological, physical, or biochemical problems. • Can interfere with normal functioning with self, others, and even society. • Can differ from person to person and episode to episode.

• Mental Disorder – An illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of a person, preventing him or her from leading a happy, healthful, and productive life.

• Can you think of any individuals, characters, etc. who suffer from a mental illness?

• What are some misconceptions about mental illness?

• Organic Disorder – Caused by a physical illness or an injury that affects the brain. • What are some examples? ? ?

Organic Disorder Causes • Brain tumors, alcoholism, infections such as: • Syphilis – Bacterial STD that can have serious long-term effects like paralysis, blindness and death. • Meningitis- Is a viral or bacterial disease caused by the inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord • Lupus – Autoimmune disease in which the immune system produces antibodies to cells within the body leading to widespread inflammation and tissue damage. • Stroke - Occurs when the blood supply to the brain is blocked or when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures, causing brain tissue to die. • Some are inherited Chemical imbalances

Functional Disorders • May occur as the result of psychological causes in which no clear brain damage is involved. • Result from conditions such as stress, emotional conflict, fear, or poor coping skills.

• Chemical imbalances may also cause functional disorders. • Four main categories: Anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, affective disorders, personality disorders.

• Anxiety Disorder – An illness in which real, imagined, or persistent fears prevent a person from enjoying life. • Characterized by continuous, chronic anxiety.

• Do you have any phobias? ? ? • Specific fears that are so strong, a person goes to extreme measures to avoid the object or activity.

Anxiety Disorders: • Phobias • Obsessive Compulsive Disorder • Panic Disorder • Post-Traumatic Stress

Somatoform Disorder • Describes an illness in which a person complains of disease symptoms, but no physical cause can be found. • Hypochondria • “MY GIRL”

Affective Disorder • A mood disorder often with an organic cause that relates to emotions and may involve mood swings or mood extremes that interfere with everyday living. • Bipolar, Depression

Personality Disorders • A variety of psychological conditions that affect a person’s ability to get along with others. • “Me, Myself, & Irene”

• Antisocial Personality Disorder • Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder • Schizophrenia

Suicide Chapter 9, Lesson 2 • History • Risk Factors • Signs of Suicidal Behavior • Ways to help prevent it

Suicide • The taking of one’s own life • 30, 000 people every year • The third leading cause of death for teenagers • Why? ? ? List reasons

According to the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL): • 19. 3 percent of high school students have seriously considered killing themselves. • 14. 5 percent of high school students made actual plans. • 900, 000 youth planned their suicides during an episode of major depression.

Risk Factors • Divorce of parents. • Violence in the home. • Inability to find success at school. • Feelings of worthlessness. • Rejection by friends or peers. • Substance abuse. • Death of someone close to the teenager. • The suicide of a friend or someone he or she "knows" online.

Depression • In 1997, more teens died from suicide than from cancer, heart disease, AIDS, birth defects, stroke and chronic lung disease combined. • Feel hopeless, helpless and sadness • Problems, pressure • Feel overwhelmed • Alone, isolated

• • What are some Warning Signs? Withdrawal Drop in grades Giving away stuff Taking more risks / doesn’t seem to care In a happier mood all of a sudden Drug and alcohol abuse Cluster Suicides – several suicides occurring around the same time and place.

• • • How can you prevent this from happening to someone you know? Talk to them Most problems are temporary Don’t leave them alone Help them talk to someone Don’t ignore signs or keep it a secret

• A medical Doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental disorders and can prescribe medication? ? ?

Psychiatrist • Psychotherapy – Dialogue between patient and psychiatrist. • Psychoanalysis – An analysis of patient’s past. • Medical Psychotherapy – Use combination of meds. And therapy.

Neurologist • Is a specialist that deals with Organic Disorders of the brain and nervous system. • May perform surgery if necessary

Clinical Psychologist • Diagnoses and treats emotional and behavioral disorders. • Cannot prescribe medication • Practices basic counseling, therapy, and can test for certain mental disorders

Counselors • School, Pastoral, Addiction • Usually help young people in personal or educational matters • Have a Master’s degree

Psychiatric Social Worker • Usually works in mental hospitals or mental health clinics. • May work for a family service agency that aids clients who have emotional problems. • Usually have a Master’s degree