Chapter 9 Informatics and Community Health Nursing Copyright

Chapter 9 Informatics and Community Health Nursing Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Steps to Using Information • Decide what information is needed • Obtain the information • Organize, synthesize, and communicate the information Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

How Informatics Can Support Nursing • Retrieving patient information • Storing information • Tracking information Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Information in a Bibliographic Database • Title • Author • Source of data • Brief summary (abstract) Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Sources of Information • Direct observation • Word of mouth • Print • Internet Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

I-Clicker Question • Nurses base their care, policies, and procedures on evidence-based research. The best strategies for evidenced-based community health nursing practice come from: a. Textbooks b. Experiences of others c. Sales representatives d. Electronic databases e. Journal articles prior to 1998 Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Answer to I-Clicker Question • Answer: d • Electronic databases will help you determine the best strategies for evidence-based community health nursing practice. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

History of the Internet • ARPANET (Department of Defense) • Originally used to link research and security agencies in the United States • Use later expanded to educational institutions • Now available worldwide Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Health Databases • MEDLINE • CINAHL • Psyc. INFO • ERIC Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

MEDLINE • Started in 1964 • Access to over 11 million documents • Articles 1965 to present • Available free of charge through an academic library website Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

CINAHL • Started by hospital librarians • Offers some full text access • Available through medical or academic libraries, or for personal use with a fee • Keyword searchable Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Information Available from U. S. Census Bureau • Community demographic information • Annual surveys on economic information • Available in narrative, chart, and table form • Comparison data to identify demographic changes in communities Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

I-Clicker Question • Census data give the community health nurse all but which of the following pieces of information to enable her to care for her clients? a. Identify trends b. Identify patterns c. Identify the number of physicians d. Identify characteristics of a community Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Answer to I-Clicker Question • Answer: c • Census data enable the community health nurse to learn about the many characteristics of a community and to identify trends or patterns. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Information Available from the CDC • Prevalence of communicable diseases • Updates for travelers • Immunization information • Information on workplace health and safety Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

National Center for Health Statistics (Under the CDC) • Disease information • Vital statistics • Health insurance facts Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

State and Local Government Websites • Vital statistics • Metal health services • Housing assistance • Health events of the community (births, deaths, marriages) • Infectious disease occurrences Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

City Websites • Geographic location of services (fire departments, animal control, etc. ) • Listings of community health resources (clinic locations, services) • Mapping programs Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Examples of NGOs That Offer Health Information • March of Dimes • American Cancer Society Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

I-Clicker Question • Identify the resource that is a non-government source of information. a. American Cancer Society b. Medline Plus c. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention d. United States Census Bureau e. DIRLINE Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Answer to I-Clicker Question • Answer: a • Many non-government organizations in the United States offer services and support for a variety of health conditions. For example, the March of Dimes and the American Cancer Society are organizations that provide educational materials about specific conditions within their mission. All other answers represent governmental agencies. Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Sources for Successful Searching • Boolean searching • Search engines • Directories Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Boolean Searching • Mathematical system used in computers that increases the precision of searches • Command words include AND, OR, NOT • OR enlarges a search • AND, NOT narrow a search Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Search Engines • Change frequently • Good sources include public library websites and Search Engine Watch • General search engines often have their own directories and browsers Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Directories • Subject catalogue available on the Internet • Provide access to websites • Examples include Librarians Internet Index Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins