Chapter 9 Identification of Saliva and Misc Biological
Chapter 9: Identification of Saliva and Misc. Biological Fluids Forensic Biology by Richard Li
Biological Characteristics Human salivary glands produce 1. 0 -1. 5 liters per day Mostly water Amylase- digests carbohydrates in the oral cavity Identification of amylase indicates saliva Enzymes that cleave polysaccarides that are composed of D-glucose units connected by (α 1 -4) linkages ▪ Starch Forensic Biology by Richard Li 2
Biological Characteristics Starch Amylose Amylopectin Two types of amylases: β-amylase ▪ Plant and bacterial sources α-amylase ▪ Human salivary (HSA) ▪ Human pancreatic (HPA) Forensic Biology by Richard Li 3
Presumptive Assays Visual Examination ALS (470 nm), Microscopic Starch-iodine assays Iodine used to test for starch Not specific Colorimetric assays Dye-labeled amylase substrates are employed Phadebas test Forensic Biology by Richard Li 4
Confirmatory Assays Immunochromatographic Assays RSID-Saliva ELISA Monoclonal HSA antibody RNA-based assays Certain genes are specifically expressed in certain types of cells Forensic Biology by Richard Li 5
Misc. Biological Fluids Vaginal secretions, Menstrual blood, Urine, Feces, Vomitus Less frequently encountered Can be probative in certain cases Forensic Biology by Richard Li 6
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