Chapter 9 I Verb Review A Personal Endings

Chapter 9

I. Verb Review A. Personal Endings - tell us what person is speaking Latin singular 1 st: 2 nd: 3 rd: English singular Latin plural English plural

Activity 1 - translate into English 1. Tu in villā rides. 2. Vos ad urbem reditis. 3. Nos sumus defessi. 4. Ego ad rivum ire volo.

Activity 2 - conjugate lacrimo, lacrimare tempto, temptare porto, portare

Infinitives two In English the verb form is composed of ____ parts _______ and can be recognized by the word to climb to _______. Some examples are _________, to climb down to laugh _________, and _________. In Latin the verb form can be recognized by the -re ascendere ______ ending. Some examples are_______, descendere ridēre ________ and ________.

Activity 3 - underline the infinitive and then translate 1. Cornelia misera in villā manēre vult. 2. Ego in piscinam cadere nolo. 3. Vos arborem ascendere potestis. 4. Nos ad urbem īre volumus.

Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases A preposition describes a relationship. . . The squirrel is behind the tree. The squirrel is beside the tree. The squirrel is under the tree. Behind, beside and in front of are all prepositions; they identify the relation of the squirrel to the tree.

noun When a preposition is used with a _______, prepositional around the tree, a __________ phrase noun _______ is formed. The ________ used to form the prepositional phrase is called the object of the preposition ____________.

Activity 4 – Underline the prepositional phrase(s) in each of the following sentences and circle the object of the preposition. 1. After school we can go to the movie. 2. The children are swimming across the river. 3. I enjoy walking with the girls. 4. He is standing against the wall.

5. Before the dance my sister was nervous. 6. Without help I will not be able to complete this work. 7. My parents are out of town. 8. Walking from home to school and then from school to home is our daily routine. 9. You are standing on my yellow and brown striped tie. 10. I cannot see in such bright lights.

What is meant by case? case tells how the noun is used in a sentence nominative = subject accusative = direct object

In Latin the object of the preposition may go accusative case or a new into either the _______ ablative case, ______.

Noun Endings 1 st declension 2 nd declension 3 rd declension sing. pl. nominative: -a -ae -us -i r-o-x-s -es accusative: -am -as -um -os -em -es ablative: -ā -is -o -is -e -ibus

case Which _______ you use depends on the preposition You must _______ memorize ______. object which prepositions take their _______ accusative in the ________ case and which prepositions object take their ________ in ablative the _______ case.

Accusative Ablative ad ________ sub _______ per ________ e, ex ______ prope ______________ in _________

Prepositions that take their noun in the accusative case: Ad villam redit. Ad ianuam dormit. Per agros currit. Prope rivum sedet.

Prepositions that take their noun in the ablative case: Sub arbore dormit. Ex arbore cadit.

The preposition in: In villam currit. In villā sedet. Statua in piscinam cadit. In ramo sedet.

in The first and third sentence, the preposition ______ accusative is used with a word in the _______ case, and into the meaning of the preposition is ____. in In the second and fourth sentence, the preposition _____ ablative is used with a word in the _______ case, and the in on meaning of the preposition is ______ or ______. in The preposition ______ can be used with either the accusative ablative ________ or ________ case.

Activity 6 - select the correct noun and translate 1. Marcus ad _____ sedet. aborem/arbore 2. Puellae e _____ ad _____ ambulant. 3. Multi servi in _____ laborant. silvam/silvā villam/villā agros/agris

4. Cornelia amicam e _____ in _____ ducit. 5. Servus sub _____ dormit. 6. Pueri per _____ currunt. villam/villā agros/agris ramos/ramis agros/agris

7. Cornelius ad ______ redire parat. urbem/urbe 8. Flavia prope ______ sedet. arbore/arborem 9. Sextus ex ______ celeriter ambulat. horto/hortum

Activity 7 - Underline the prepositional phrases, identify the noun object as either accusative or ablative and translate the sentence. 1. Marcus in villam currit. Nuntius in villā est. object and case: 2. Davus in horto laborat. Marcus in hortum festinat. object and case:

3. Puer in arbore sedet. Puella in villam intrat. object and case: 4. Pueri in agris ambulāre parant. Puellae in agros lente ambulant. object and case:

5. In Italiā sunt multi servi. Alii in agris laborant, alii in urbibus. object and case: 6. Servi sub arboribus sedēre volunt. object and case: