Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration Chapter 9 Essential Questions

Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration

Chapter 9 Essential Questions What is a calorie? l What is cellular respiration? l What is the Krebs Cycle and ETC? l What are the kinds of energy? l

Question of the Day How many calories are there in 1 gram of glucose? 3. 811 calories of heat energy.

9 -1 Chemical Energy & Food l l l What is a calorie and how is it measured? A unit of metabolic energy Energy needed to raise 1 g H 2 O 1 O C for nutrition and food labelling "calorie" refers to RDA calorie How many calorie’s in RDA Diet? 2000

Cellular Respiration (CR) l Occurs in heterotrophs’ cytoplasm & mitochondria l CR is Energy released from glucose using O 2 l Exact Opposite of photosynthesis l l What is the equation? C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 -> CO 2 +6 H 2 O + Energy 6

3 Stages of CR 1 st stage: Glycolysis l 2 nd stage: Krebs Cycle l 3 rd stage: Electron Transport Chain l l All 3 produce ATP

Glycolysis l l Glyco = glucose Lysis = split Process - Glucose (6 Carbon) l broken into 2 pyruvic acid (3 Carbon) l l Produces ATP & NADH (from ADP & NAD+) l Goes to Krebs Cycle

Krebs Cycle l 2 Pyruvic Acids (Pyruvate) come in from Glycolysis l Each breaksdown into CO 2 l Produces ATP & NADH, FADH 2 (ENERGY) (full charged battery) l From ADP & NAD+ (1/2 charged battery) l Energy goes to Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Electron Transport Chain l Moves electrons along mitochondria membrane (carrying ATP, NADH, FADH 2) l Takes electrons w/energy from Krebs Cycle l Electron drops off Energy to be used by cell to do work

Cellular Respiration w/o Oxygen Fermentation Energy produced w/o oxygen l Can produce 2 kinds l Alcoholic - yeast uses up all O 2, still makes ATP (beer & wine) l Lactic Acid - builds up during exercise b/c not breathing enough O 2 l

Energy and Exercise Total # of ATP for 1 gram of glucose is: l 36 ATP l l Quick, Intense exercise requires ATP produced in oxygen deficit (lactic acid - Sprinters) l Longer, less strenuous exercise uses stored energy with oxygen, glycogen

Question of the Day l What is the most intense exercise activity, using most energy? l Short, high intensity uses most energy l Wrestling

Quick Lab for Exercise Quick Lab: Cell Respiration Bromothymol Blue