Chapter 9 10 Test Prep African Americans struggle

Chapter 9 & 10 Test Prep

African Americans struggle • BTW’s Urban League focused on helping poor African American workers moving to cities • Du. Bois’ NAACP used courts to challenge laws that were unfair to African Americans • Jim Crow laws required segregation by law • Booker T. Washington created the Tuskegee Institute; said make $$ to earn respect • Poll taxes were used to prevent African Americans from voting; require paying tax.

Women’s Movement • Carry A. Nation was arrested for “hatchetations” • Mainstream women’s suffrage group was NAWSA (started by Susan B Anthony) • 19 th Amendment was women’s suffrage. • Women’s Christian Temperance Union wanted to ban liquor which led to prohibition

What was one way Progressives differed from Populist? • Progressive were typically middle class city dwellers, and Populists mostly farmers • Populists concerned themselves primarily with the needs of urban workers. • Progressives were uninterested in government regulation of business • Only Populists called for the direct election of Senators.

What was one way Progressives differed from Populist? • Progressive were typically middle class city dwellers, and Populists mostly farmers • Populists concerned themselves primarily with the needs of urban workers. • Progressives were uninterested in government regulation of business • Only Populists called for the direct election of Senators.

Progressives • Reform that affected elections at the federal level- 17 th Amendment • Progressives challenged political machines • Taft brought 90 lawsuits against big corporations. • Roosevelt ran for president in 1912 after getting angry at Tafts policies.

Progressives continued… • Wilson represented the Democratic party • Square Deal was Roosevelt’s plan for fair government. • Settlement houses provided social services to urban poor • Jane Addams started the first settlement house, Hull House, in Chicago

Progressives cont • The 18 th and 21 st amendments are related as one started prohibition the other repealed it • Alice Paul broke with NAWSA and formed the National Woman’s Party to picketing the White House and hunger strikes

Progressives cont… • Muckrakers were socially conscious writers who dramatized need for reform • Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle described working conditions in the meat packing industry. • It directly led to the Meat Inspection Act • Clayton Anti-trust Act strengthened Sherman Anti-trust Act

Theodore Roosevelt supported conservation in all the following: • Supported the National Reclamation Act • Added nearly 200, 000 acres of protected National land • Created the US Forest Service • Believed in the “rational use” philosophy

The Spoils System made political parties more powerful by? • Allowing party workers to push for civil service reform. • Blocking legislation introduced by the opposing political party • Encouraging wealthy businessmen to donate money to the party. • Filling important government positions with friends and party supporters

The Spoils System made political parties more powerful by? • Allowing party workers to push for civil service reform. • Blocking legislation introduced by the opposing political party • Encouraging wealthy businessmen to donate money to the party. • Filling important government positions with friends and party supporters

Populism • Populism appealed primarily to farmers • Oliver H. Kelley founded a farmers organization • Populist demanded “free silver” • Clayton Anti-trust act strengthened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act • Square Deal=Teddy Roosevelt’s plan for fair government

Gilded Age • President Arthur pursued Civil Service Reform after the assassination of Garfield • Republicans argued high tariffs would allow American industries to grow

The 16 th Amendment allowed Congress to ___. • • Pass income taxes Establish the ICC Outlaw alcohol Establish direct primaries

The 16 th Amendment allowed Congress to ___. • • Pass income taxes Establish the ICC Outlaw alcohol Establish direct primaries

Wilson’s New Freedom • New Freedom worked to improve economic policy. • FTC, Federal Trade Commission monitored business practices that might lead to a monopoly.