Chapter 8 Reproductive System Sara Kramer William Huber

Warm Up With the person sitting next to you, list everything you know about the reproductive system from last year.

Vocabulary Spay Neuter Estrus Cycle Seasonal Polyestrous Parturition Gestation Cesarean Section Puberty Polyestrous Estrus

Male Anatomy Sex cell= sperm Sperm is produced in the testes The specific production takes place in the seminiferous tubules Sperm have a flagella= making movement possible

Male Anatomy Continued Penis has three regions o Area where roots attach penis to pelvis o Area where roots go into the penis o The glands (penis tip) Hormone= testosterone

Female Anatomy Sex cell= eggs Eggs are produced in the ovaries Egg will travel from ovaries to uterus The uterus is “Y” shaped Hormone= estrogen

Estrous Cycle This is how a female prepares for pregnancy Can be seasonal Step 1= Proestrus o Hormone, progesterone, is released into the blood stream Step 2= Estrus o The animal will make certain noises and stand certain ways

Estrous Cycle Continued Step 3= Metestrus o The estrogen levels drop and the embryo has started to form Step 4= Diestrus o The embryo moves to the uterus

Pregnancy and Parturition Short Day Breeders (sheep, goats) o Estrous cycle and breeding when days are shortened, the fall Seasonally Polyestrous (cats) o The cycle will occur during specific seasons Monoestrous (foxes) o Breed only one season of the year

Pregnancy and Parturition Continued The sperm will meet the egg in oviduct The embryo will move into the uterus 3 days after fertilization The fetus then grows in the uterus o Grows most during the 3 rd trimester

Pregnancy and Parturition Continued Gestation(pregnancy) ends Parturition(birth) begins Contractions will push the fetus out of the vagina Most Mammals will lick the new born baby

Clinical Practice Medical assistance is needed when the fetus is not in the correct birthing position Cesarean Section are used to cut through the uterus to remove a fetus Spaying and neutering controls the pet population Spaying in females= removal of ovaries and uterus Neutering= testes are removed