Chapter 8 Minerals Mosby items and derived items

Chapter 8 Minerals Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 1

Chapter 8 Lesson 8. 1 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 2

Key Concept • The human body requires a variety of minerals in different amounts to perform numerous metabolic tasks. Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 3

The Nature of Body Minerals • Classes of body minerals § Major minerals § Trace elements • Functions of minerals • Mineral metabolism § Digestion § Absorption § Transport Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 4

Chapter 8 Lesson 8. 2 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 5

Key Concepts • A mixed diet of varied foods and adequate energy value is the best source of the minerals necessary for health. • Of the total amount of minerals a person consumes, only a relatively limited amount is available to the body. Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 6

Major Minerals • Calcium § Functions • Bone and tooth formation • Blood clotting • Muscle and nerve action • Metabolic reactions § Requirements § Deficiency states § Toxicity symptoms § Food sources Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 7

Phosphorus • Functions § Bone and tooth formation § Energy metabolism § Acid-base balance • • Requirements Deficiency states Toxicity symptoms Food sources Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 8

Sodium • Functions § Water balance § Acid-base balance § Muscle action § Nutrient absorption • • Requirements Deficiency states Toxicity symptoms Food sources Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 9

Potassium • Functions § Water balance § Metabolic reactions § Muscle action § Insulin release § Blood pressure • • Requirements Deficiency states Toxicity symptoms Food sources Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 10

Chloride • Functions § Digestion § Respiration • • Requirements Deficiency states Toxicity symptoms Food sources Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 11

Magnesium • Functions § General metabolism § Protein synthesis § Muscle action § Basal metabolic rate • • Requirements Deficiency states Toxicity symptoms Food sources Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 12

Sulfur • Functions § Hair, skin, and nails § General metabolic functions § Vitamin structure § Collagen structure • • Requirements Deficiency states Toxicity symptoms Food sources Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 13

Chapter 8 Lesson 8. 3 Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 14

Key Concepts • A mixed diet of varied foods and adequate energy value is the best source of the minerals necessary for health. • Of the total amount of minerals a person consumes, only a relatively limited amount is available to the body. Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 15

Trace Elements • Iron § Functions • Hemoglobin synthesis • General metabolism § Requirements § Deficiency states § Toxicity symptoms § Food sources Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 16

Iodine • Functions • Requirements • Deficiency states § Goiter § Cretinism § Hypothyroidism § Hyperthyroidism • Toxicity symptoms • Food sources Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 17

Zinc • Functions § Enzyme constituent § Immune system § Other functions • • Requirements Deficiency states Toxicity symptoms Food sources Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 18

Selenium • • • Functions Requirements Deficiency states Toxicity symptoms Food sources Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 19

Other Trace Elements • • • Fluoride Copper Manganese Chromium Molybdenum Other essential trace elements Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 20

Mineral Supplementation • Life cycle needs § Pregnancy and lactation § Adolescence § Adulthood • Clinical needs § Iron-deficiency anemia § Weight-loss programs § Zinc deficiency § Potassium-losing drugs Mosby items and derived items © 2006 by Mosby, Inc. Slide 21