Chapter 8 Emotion and Motivation Copyright Allyn Bacon
Chapter 8 Emotion and Motivation Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
I CAN: • Explain the relationship between emotion and motivation • Identify the 4 parts of the emotional process • Distinguish theories of emotion Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
• Emotion: • Emphasizes arousal, both physical and mental • Motivation: • Emphasizes how this arousal becomes action • Emotion causes motivation Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Emotions A vital ingredient in making effective personal decisions But can spin out of control Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Emotions Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
What Is Emotion? A four-part process consisting of … 1. physiological arousal of the body 2. cognitive interpretation of events and feelings…conscious and unconscious 3. subjective feelings brain senses state of arousal. . also memories of similar situations 4. behavioral expression emotions produce behavior…. anger produces a middle finger Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
What Do Our Emotions Do For Us? Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important situations and to convey our intentions to others Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Universal Emotional Expression • Humans share a set of universal emotional expression • This testifies to a anger sadness joy common But all emotional expressions are biological not universal across cultures… heritage culture influences emotional Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 expression
The Real Smile n Can you identify the social smile versus the genuine, “Duchenne” smile? Real smiles involve muscles around both the eyes and cheeks. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
n. A "real" smile raises the lips and causes "crow's feet" around the eyes Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Cultural Universals in Emotional Expression • Display Rules Permissible ways of displaying emotions in a particular society • For Example: • Asian children taught to check emotions • American children taught to express them Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
EKMAN’S SEVEN BASIC HUMAN EMOTIONS People everywhere can recognize at least seven basic emotions: sadness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, happiness, and surprise Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
PLUTCHIK’S EIGHT BASIC HUMAN EMOTIONS • Joy • Acceptance • Fear • Surprise • Sadness • Disgust • Anger • Anticipation Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
The Nature of Emotions by Plutchik His three-dimensional model describes the relations among emotion concepts. The cone’s vertical dimension represents loss of intensity The circle represents degrees of similarity among the emotions. The 8 sectors are designed to indicate that there are 8 primary emotion dimensions defined by theory arranged as 4 pairs of opposites. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
CAN I? • Explain the relationship between emotion and motivation • Identify the 4 parts of the emotional process • Distinguish theories of emotion Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
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