Chapter 8 An Introduction To Metabolism Metabolism Catabolic
Chapter 8 An Introduction To Metabolism
Metabolism
Catabolic Pathways
Anabolic Pathways
Energy
Kinetic Energy
Potential Energy
Activation Energy Potential Energy
Energy Transformation u.
1 st Law of Thermodynamics
2 nd Law of Thermodynamics
Entropy
Summary u. The quantity of energy in the universe is constant, but its quality is not.
Free Energy
Free Energy G = H - TS G = free energy of a system H = total energy of a system T = temperature in o. K S = entropy of a system
Free Energy of a System
Free Energy Changes
Spontaneous Process
Chemical Reactions
Reaction Types u. Exergonic: u. Endergonic:
Exergonic/Endergonic
Biological Examples u. Exergonic – u. Endergonic -
Cell - Types of Work
Energy Coupling
ATP
Adenine Phosphates Ribose
Key to ATP
ATP
ATP vs Food u. ATP: u. Food:
ATP Cycles
ATP Cycle
ATP in Cells u. A cell's ATP content is recycled every minute. u. Humans use close to their body weight in ATP daily. u. No ATP production equals quick death.
Enzymes
Chemical Reaction AB + CD AC + BD
Enzymes
Enzyme Terms u. Substrate - ase –
Enzyme Name
Active Site
Models of How Enzymes Work 1. 2.
Lock and Key Model
Induced Fit Model
Substrate Active Site
Enzymes
Factors that Affect Enzymes
Environment
Cofactors
Coenzymes
Enzyme Inhibitors u. Competitive u Noncompetitive -
Allosteric Regulation
Allosteric Regulation
Control of Metabolism
Types of Control
Feedback Inhibition u.
Structural Order
Summary u. Recognize that Life must follow the Laws of Thermodynamics. u. The role of ATP in cell energy. u. How enzymes work.
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