Chapter 7 Section 2 Athens Sparta Sparta is

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Chapter 7 Section 2 Athens & Sparta

Chapter 7 Section 2 Athens & Sparta

Sparta is a city-state in southern Greece on the island of Peloponnesus. The Spartans

Sparta is a city-state in southern Greece on the island of Peloponnesus. The Spartans were known for their strict militaristic lives.

Living in Sparta Life in Sparta was harsh and cruel. The Spartans themselves were

Living in Sparta Life in Sparta was harsh and cruel. The Spartans themselves were tough, silent, & grim Sparta had one basic rule: “Always put your cities needs above your own” Spartans turned conquered people in Helots, or slaves owned by the state of Sparta

Growing Up In Sparta The life of every Spartan was in the hands of

Growing Up In Sparta The life of every Spartan was in the hands of the government from birth. Only the healthiest children were kept alive and raised because the Spartans wanted only the healthiest people in their city

Growing up Male in Sparta Training began early at age 7. He left home

Growing up Male in Sparta Training began early at age 7. He left home to train for the next 13 years. He was given a small amount of food, so he was urged to steal to become a better soldier. Boys were expected to bear pain and punishment in silence. Through this they became excellent soldiers. They became soldiers at 20 and remained soldiers until the age of 60.

Growing up Female in Sparta Unlike Athens, Spartan girls had more freedoms. Spartans believed

Growing up Female in Sparta Unlike Athens, Spartan girls had more freedoms. Spartans believed that girls who grew up strong and healthy would have strong healthy children. Women also trained to be strong. They trained and competed in spear throwing and wrestling Spartan women were allowed to own land businesses. Like the Athenians they had to obey the males of their family. Because the men were so involved in military matters, some Spartan women took on larger responsibilities, such as running the farms

Spartan Attitudes The Spartans did not mingle with others. They were not allowed to

Spartan Attitudes The Spartans did not mingle with others. They were not allowed to travel. They looked down on wealth and those engaged in trade. They lacked interest in the arts that other Greeks cultivated. The Spartans were known for their skill, bravery, and military power.

The Persians Invade Much of Greek history tells of wars between the Greeks fighting

The Persians Invade Much of Greek history tells of wars between the Greeks fighting each other. In the 400 s. B. C. the Greeks put their differences aside to defend themselves and fight the mighty Persian Empire.

The Expanding Persian Empire Cyrus the Great had founded the Persian Empire in the

The Expanding Persian Empire Cyrus the Great had founded the Persian Empire in the mid 500 s. B. C. Cyrus and the rulers who followed him extended the original empire. By 520 B. C. the Persians had gained control of the Greek colonies on the west coast of Asia Minor.

Battle of Marathon In the Fall of 490 B. C. a force of thousands

Battle of Marathon In the Fall of 490 B. C. a force of thousands of Persians landed in Marathon, Greece. The Persians outnumbered the Athenians at least 2 to 1. The Athenians rushed the Persians and overwhelmed them pushing them back out to sea and killing about 6, 400. In a short time a tiny city-state had conquered a giant that had come to destroy it. Pheidippides raced from Marathon to Athens (26. 2 Miles). Upon reaching the Athenian agora, he exclaimed “Nike!” (“Victory!”) and then collapsed dead from exhaustion.

Conflict & The Athenian Empire After the Persian Wars the Greeks went back to

Conflict & The Athenian Empire After the Persian Wars the Greeks went back to fighting each other. Athens emerged from the wars as the most powerful city-state. Athens joined other city-states and formed the Delian League. Overtime Athens treated its allies poorly by forcing them to bow to its will. Other city-states began to look to another city-state for help against Athens. That city-state would be Sparta and others joined to form the Peloponnesian League. War loomed on the horizon.

Sparta & Athens At War Athens began treating acting unfairly toward other city-states. They

Sparta & Athens At War Athens began treating acting unfairly toward other city-states. They made them pay tribute for protection. Eventually Athens moved the treasury from the island of Delos to Athens and used the money to fund projects like the Parthenon to better Athens. To counter the Delian League, Sparta the Peloponnesian League. In 431 B. C. The Peloponessian War, a conflict between Sparta and its allies against Athens and its allies began.

The Peloponnesian War The Peloponessian War lasted for 27 years (431404 B. C. )

The Peloponnesian War The Peloponessian War lasted for 27 years (431404 B. C. ) Even though Athens had a fine navy and more wealth than other citystates, its geography was a great disadvantage in the War. Sparta, located inland, could not be attacked from the sea. Pericles, the Athenian statesmen, moved people from the countryside inside Athens city walls. The overcrowded city conditions led to a plague, or widespread disease. 1/3 of Athens population was wiped out, including Pericles. Athens never recovered.

The Fall of Athens To make matters worse, Sparta allied with Persia for their

The Fall of Athens To make matters worse, Sparta allied with Persia for their navy. In 405 B. C. Sparta staged a blockade, an action to cut off enemy supplies. Starved and beaten, the Athenians surrendered in 404 B. C. The Spartans knocked down the walls of Athens never again dominated the Greek world

Let’s Review 1. What was life lie growing up in Sparta for boys? How

Let’s Review 1. What was life lie growing up in Sparta for boys? How about Girls? 2. What were the Spartan attitudes toward trade and other city-states? 3. Who won the Peloponnesian War?