Chapter 7 Project Cost Management PMP CAPM Pg
- Slides: 50
Chapter 7 Project Cost Management PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -1
In this chapter we will cover • Cost Management Processes • Types of Cost • Earned Value Management (EVM) • Cost baseline • Cost budget • Cost estimation tools and techniques Kamran Note: Narration text is to expand on the slide bullets, do not print narration on slide In general each bullet should appear when narrator reads the corresponding bullet PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -2
Cost Management Learning Objectives By the end of this chapter, you should be able to: • Explain the importance of Cost Management • Name the Cost Management processes • Explain the purpose of and activities involved in each process • Describe the different techniques of estimating costs • Explain the different types of cost • Explain the concept of Earned Value Management and be able to perform EVM calculations PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -3
Process Group Review Process Groups are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring and Controlling Closing PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -4
Cost Management Processes Process Group Plan Cost Management Planning Estimate Costs Planning Determine Budget Planning Control Costs Monitoring and Controlling PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -5
Review Quiz Which one of the following is not one of the Cost Management Processes? a) Plan Costs b) Control Costs c) Estimate Costs d) Determine Budget PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -6
Plan Cost Management • Define how to: manage costs, expend costs, and control costs • Main output: Cost Management Plan * Ability to influence cost is greatest at the early stages of the Project. PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -7
Plan Cost Management • Class Group Activity – 30 Minutes – Divide Class into 3 groups (3 to 4 students in each group) – Discuss and brainstorm the inputs/outputs – Present your inputs/outputs to the rest of the teams – Check and compare your inputs/outputs with PMBOK® Guide 5 th edition PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 4 -8
Cost Management Plan • Cost Management Plan establishes criteria for • • • Planning Estimating Budgeting Reporting Controlling project costs How cost variances will be managed PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -9
Cost vs. Time Estimates Kamran note: please animate this slide, can use better graphics. Time Management estimates Cost Management estimates Project A A 1 B A 2 B 1 Work Package level A A 1 B A 2 B 1 Control account level PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -10
Estimate Cost Considerations • Costing alternatives or trade-offs – Make Vs. Buy, – Buy Vs. Lease, – sharing of resources • Progressive Elaboration – Estimates progressively refined – Accuracy of project estimates increases – Estimates are an iterative process • Estimates include but are not limited to • labor, materials, equipment, services and facilities PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -11
Estimate Costs • Cost of quality efforts (COQ) • Cost of risk efforts • Cost of the Project Manager’s time • Cost of Project Management activities • Costs directly associated with the project • Office expenses • Profit, when applicable • Overhead costs (management salaries and general office expenses) PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -12
Estimate Costs • Class Group Activity – 30 Minutes – Divide Class into 3 groups (3 to 4 students in each group) – Discuss and brainstorm the inputs/outputs – Present your inputs/outputs to the rest of the teams – Check and compare your inputs/outputs with PMBOK® Guide 5 th edition PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 4 -13
Estimate Costs Tools & Techniques • Analogous Estimating (Top-down Estimating) – Actual costs from previous project – Reliable when previous projects are similar and individuals have expertise • Parametric Estimating – Mathematical models – Reliable when historical information is accurate, parameters are quantifiable and model is scalable – 2 types: Regression analysis, Learning curve • Bottom-up Estimating – Rolling up individual activities into project total – Smaller work activities have more accuracy • Three-Point Estimates (PERT analysis) • • • Most likely CM Optimistic CO Pessimistic CP As the narrator is reading the formula, animation should highlight or change color with arrows pointing to the appropriate formula part PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -14
Review Quiz Three point estimates are used in which type of Cost Estimation technique? a) Top Down Estimating b) Analogous Estimating c) PERT analysis d) Bottom Up Estimating PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -15
Analogous Estimating Kamran note: Animate this page, narrator just needs to read the bullets as they appear PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -16
Bottom-up Estimating Kamran note: Animate this page, narrator just needs to read the bullets as they appear PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -17
Accuracy of Estimates • Rough Order of Magnitude (ROM) Estimates • Project Initiating phase • +/- 50% • Budget Estimate • Project Planning phase • -10 to +25% • Definitive Estimate • Execution phase • +/-10% PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -18
Cost Management Inputs and Outputs Kamran note: Please take text from attached graphic and animate in an Exercise format, where we let students Drag and drop input/output in correct boxes Let’s discuss this on our next call PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -19
Review Quiz Pushed to make a high level decision, you are being asked for a quick estimate of the project, which technique will you use? a) Bottom-up estimate b) Parametric estimate c) Three-point estimate d) Top-down estimate Correct answer d PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -20
Review Quiz While executing according to project management plan, a key stakeholder questions estimates asking their accuracy? Which of the following is the BEST response a) +/- 10% b) +/- 50% c) +/- 20% d) +/- 25% Kamran note: correct answer a PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -21
Determine Budget • Aggregation of estimated costs • Activity rolled up to work package • Work package rolled up to control account • And finally to Project cost level Kamran note: Take picture from next slide, animate this picture from bottom up Please change numbers and labels. Final picture should not look anything like The original Use Slide 24 to animate Use narration below to animate slide 24 here. PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -22
Determine Budget • Class Group Activity – 30 Minutes – Divide Class into 3 groups (3 to 4 students in each group) – Discuss and brainstorm the inputs/outputs – Present your inputs/outputs to the rest of the teams – Check and compare your inputs/outputs with PMBOK® Guide 5 th edition PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 4 -23
Determine Budget This slide will b PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -24
Adding reserves • Take project cost totals • Add contingency reserve to achieve cost baseline • Add management reserve to get the cost budget • Establishes authorized baseline • Funds authorized to execute the project • Project cost performance will be measured against the baseline • During execution used to measure if the project coming in over or under budget PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -25
Cost Performance Baseline • Time phased budget to measure and monitor cost performance – Developed by summing estimated costs by period (S curve of values Vs time) – Larger projects have multiple baselines to measure different aspects of cost performance Kamran: include a nicer version of attached graphics PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -26
Determine Budget Inputs and Outputs Kamran note: Please take text from attached graphic and animate in an Exercise format, where we let students Drag and drop input/output in correct boxes Let’s discuss this on our next call PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -27
Control Costs Overview • Kamran Note: • • Show Project Management Process Groups graphic while narrator is on the first few lines. Animate this graphic as was done in chapter 3 Graphic should appear with this source line “Source: PMBOK® Guide 4 th edition Page 40” Graphic can disappear or become less significant once slide bullets start to appear • Monitoring Costs • Update the project budget • Manage changes to the cost baseline PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -28
Control Costs Tools • Earned Value Management (EVM) • • • Analyze relationship between consumption and spending of project funds Recording actual costs spent to date Compare with planned spending Analyze variance between actual vs. planned Over or Under budget? • Increase to the authorized budget • • • Integrated Change Control Process Key to effective cost control Way to influence factors that create changes to the authorized cost baseline Kamran note: please add some animation which goes with the narration. Please suggest some animation ideas on this slide. ***Send preview before developing*** PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -29
Control Costs • Class Group Activity – 30 Minutes – Divide Class into 3 groups (3 to 4 students in each group) – Discuss and brainstorm the inputs/outputs – Present your inputs/outputs to the rest of the teams – Check and compare your inputs/outputs with PMBOK® Guide 5 th edition PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 4 -30
Control Cost Considerations • Change request • • • acted on in a timely manner Managing changes when and as they occur Act to bring expected cost overruns within acceptable limits • Isolate and understand variances from approved cost baseline • Preventing unapproved changes being included in • • reported cost resource usage • Inform appropriate stakeholders of all approved changes and associated cost Kamran note: please add some animation which goes with the narration. Please suggest some animation ideas on this slide. ***Send preview before developing*** PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -31
Control Costs Inputs and Outputs Kamran note: Please take text from attached graphic and animate in an Exercise format, where we let students Drag and drop input/output in correct boxes Let’s discuss this on our next call PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -32
Types of Cost • Variable Cost – Any cost that changes with the amount of production or amount of work – E. g. , cost of material, supplies, wages • Fixed Cost – Costs that do not change as production changes. – E. g. , set up cost, rentals, computers, etc. . • Direct Cost – Costs that are directly attributable to work on the project – E. g. , team travel, team wages, costs of material on project • Indirect Cost – Overhead items or costs incurred for the benefit of more than one project – E. g. , taxes, fringe benefits, costs of money and janitorial services • Sunk Cost – Money that has been spent in the past – When deciding what projects to invest in or continue, sunk costs are not to be included PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -33
Review Quiz PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -34
Review Quiz Analogous estimate is done using which technique? a) Aggregation b) Parametric c) Bottom-up d) Top-down Correct answer d PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -35
Earned Value Management (EVM) • Are we on schedule? • Is the project within budget. • Compare planned with actual to calculate variance • +ve – ahead of schedule, under budget • -ve – behind schedule, over budget • Work is Earned or Credited as it is completed PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -36
Earned Value Definitions Kamran note: please animate using the attached chart, starting with this comment “Before we show you the EVM formulae, let’s go over definitions of key terms“ PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -37
Earned Value Formulae NAME Cost Variance – CV Schedule Variance – SV Cost Performance Index – CPI Schedule performance Index – SPI FORMULA INTERPRETATION Negative is over budget, EV-AC Positive is under budget Negative is behind schedule EV-PV Positive is ahead of schedule EV/AC We are getting __$ out of every $1 EV/PV We are only progressing at __% of the rate originally planned Kamran note: Animate table, each row or column to appear as narrator introduces it. Same for next slide please PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -38
Earned Value Formulae NAME FORMULA Estimate at Completion – EAC BAC/CPI AC+ETC AC+(BAC-EV)/(CPI*SPI) Estimate to Completion – ETC Variance At Completion – VAC To-Complete performance Index - TCPI INTERPRETATION As of now, how much do we expect the total project to cost Note: For last formula, Rita has a mistake on pg 242 (CPI + SPI) EAC-AC How much more will the project cost BAC-EAC How much over budget will we bet at the end of the project (BAC – EV) / (BAC – AC) In order to stay within budget, what rate must we meet for the remaining work? PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -39
Chapter Summary • Cost Management processes: • Plan Cost Management • Estimate Costs • Determine Budget • Control Costs • Techniques for estimating costs • Types of costs • Earned Value Management (EVM) • EVM definitions • EVM formulae PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -40
End of Chapter Quiz Question 1: Project Budget includes all of the following EXCEPT a) Management reserve b) Aggregated estimates c) Contingency reserve d) Activity cost estimate Correct answer a PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -41
End of Chapter Quiz Question 2: Given following values CPI = 1. 5, SPI = 1. 3 Which statement is true a) Project is behind schedule and over budget b) Project is behind schedule and under budget c) Project is ahead of schedule and over budget d) Project is ahead of schedule and under budget Correct answer d PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -42
End of Chapter Quiz Question 3: Which of the following is correct definition of EVM? a) Analyze variance between actual vs. planned b) Authorizes budget increases c) Prevent unapproved changes d) Provides work performance measurements Correct answer a PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -43
End of Chapter Quiz Question 4: We have completed estimating activity for the project when senior management asks how we are doing on cost burn rate and request variance reports. What is the NEXT BEST thing to do? a) Identify other stakeholders who might be interested in the same report b) Send a report on how much money is spent so far? c) Create budget for project d) Understand reporting format required to report this information Kamran note: Allow user to select one choice and hit submit. After submission show correct answer and read narration Correct answer C PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -44
End of Chapter Quiz Question 5: Control cost is done during which project management phase? a) Initiation phase b) Planning phase c) Execution phase d) Monitoring and controlling phase Correct answer d PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -45
End of Chapter Quiz Question 6: Given the following values, what is the CPI? EV = 1000, CV = 500 a) 100 b) -200 c) 2 d) 1. 5 PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -46
End of Chapter Quiz Question 7: The ratio that’s used to assess whether a project is on schedule is called: a) Time Variance b) Schedule Variance c) Estimate to Completion d) Schedule Performance Index PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -47
End of Chapter Quiz Question 8: Which one of the following is not an estimation technique? a) Analogous b) Definitive c) Parametric d) Bottom-Up PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -48
End of Chapter Quiz Question 9: Costs that change with the amount of work and that are directly attributable to project work would be classified as: a) Indirect and Fixed b) Variable and Accurate c) Fixed and Attributable d) Variable and Direct PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -49
End of Chapter Quiz Question 10: The process in which costs are aggregated to obtain the overall cost for the project is: a) Estimate Costs b) Determine Budget c) Perform Aggregation d) Plan Cost Management PMP, CAPM, Pg. MP, PMI-SP , PMI-RMP, OPM 3 and PMBOK are registered marks of Project Management Institute, Inc Inov 8 Solutions Inc – Quality Educational Services For Professionals www. Inov 8 Solutions. com 7 -50