Chapter 7 Hebrews and Judaism Early Hebrews Between

Chapter 7 Hebrews and Judaism

Early Hebrews �Between 2000 and 1)1500 BC �They appeared in 2)Southwest Asia �Known as 3)Hebrews �They were 4)sheep herders �Their religion is known as 5)Judaism

Early Hebrews �The 6)religion uses the Hebrew 7)Bible to record accounts of their 8)history �The Bible is traced back to a man named 9)Abraham �The Hebrews lived in: � 10)Mesopotamia � 11)Canaan � 12)Egypt

Early Hebrews �In Egypt the 13)pharaoh worried about the Hebrews gaining 14)power in the region �He 15)enslaved them to prevent their 16)growth

Early Hebrews �A man named 17)Moses becomes the leader of the enslaved 18)Hebrews �Moses 19)demanded the release of his people from 20)slavery �It was finally 21)granted after several years �The 22)journey out of Egypt is called the 23)Exodus

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Exodus �This event is a 24)major part of Hebrew 25)history �They 26)wandered through the desert �They came to a mountain called 27)Sinai �Here 28)Moses obtains two stone tablets

Exodus �On them were a code of 29)moral laws �This is known as the 30)Ten Commandments �He 31)claimed that he received these 32)tablets from God

Return to Canaan �After 33)traveling for over 34)forty years they reached Canaan � 35)Battles took place between the 36)Hebrews and the Canaan people �Once they 37)conquered the Canaan they settle down in the 38)region

Return to Canaan �They become known as the 39)Israelites �They lived in small 40)communities �They have no 41)central government � 42)Judges were selected to settle 43)disputes in each community

Rise of the Philistines �Around the mid-1000 s BC a 44)threat from the Mediterranean 45)coast arises �These 46)people were known as the 47)Philistines �The 48)Israelites banded together under one ruler named 49)Saul �Saul was the 50)first king of 51)Israel

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King David �After the 52)death of Saul �A former 53)shepherd comes to power named 54)David �He was 55)admired for his 56)military skills

King David �According to the Hebrew 57)Bible David was the one who battled with 58)Goliath �This story made him very 59)popular in Israel �He was well liked by the 60)Israelites

King David �He defeated the 61)Philistines �He established the 62)capital of Israel in 63)Jerusalem

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King Solomon � After the 64)death of David his son 65)Solomon takes the throne in 66)965 BC � He 67)expanded the kingdom � He traded with the: � 68)Egyptians � 69)Phoenicians � He built a great 70)temple to God in 71)Jerusalem

King Solomon � Around 930 BC 72)Solomon dies � Uncertain about who should be 73)king, the region broke down into a 74)revolt � Israel was 75)split into two countries � The two new kingdoms were: � 76)Israel � 77)Judah

Jewish Beliefs �They 78)believed in one god (monotheism) �It’s the 79)oldest religion of its type �They believed that their 80)history was directly guided by 81)God �Their religion is the 82)foundation of the Jewish society

Jewish Beliefs �Some of the other 83)central elements to the society includes: � 84)Education � 85)Justice � 86)Righteousnes s � 87)Obedience to the Law

Jewish Beliefs �The 88)sacred texts of the Jewish people include: � 89)Torah � 90)Hebrew Bible � 91)Commentaries �Their house of worship is known as 92)synagogue �They believe in 93)Prophets

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Western World and the Jews �Many ideas from the 94)Jewish faith influenced the western world and its 95)traditions �Many 96)Americans still follow the Ten Commandments �Many don’t work on 97)Sundays in honor of the 98)Sabbath �Giving to the 99)poor and needy comes from the 100)teachings of these people

Rome takes Control of Israel �The Romans took control of Israel in 101)63 BC �A 102)civil war had broken out in Israel between 103)Pharisees and Sadducees �Roman general 104)Pompey arrived and helped the Pharisees defeat the 105)Sadducees �Rome then 106)incorporated the region into the 107)Roman Empire

First Jewish Revolt � Began in 108)66 AD � Led by the Jewish 109)Zealots � Jerusalem was 110)destroyed during the revolt � 111)Temple was destroyed � 112)1, 000 zealots flee to 113)Masada � Rome sends 114)15, 000 soldiers to capture them

First Jewish Revolt �After 115)two years of fighting the Romans take control of 116)Masada �The zealots committed 117)suicide instead of being captured and forced to be 118)slaves to the empire

First Jewish Revolt �After the 119)revolt the Romans 120)massacred much of the population of 121)Jerusalem �Others were taken as 122)slaves �Those who could get out of 123)Jerusalem settled in Egypt at 124)Alexandria

Second Jewish Revolt � 125)Sixty years after the first revolt �Again the 126)Romans defeated the Jews �Roman 127)officials ordered any 128)Jew found in the city would be 129)killed �The Jewish population scattered throughout the 130)Mediterranean region

Changes for the Jewish People � 131)Synagogues become more important than the 132)temples � 133)Rabbis took on a more important 134)role within the religion � They were 135)discriminated against and moved from the Mediterranean region to 136)European and Asian countries and finally the 137)United States