Chapter 7 Graphics Hypermedia and Multimedia 2002 Prentice

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Chapter 7 Graphics, Hypermedia, and Multimedia 2002 Prentice Hall

Chapter 7 Graphics, Hypermedia, and Multimedia 2002 Prentice Hall

Topics Focus on Computer Graphics Dynamic Media: Beyond the Printed Page Interactive Multimedia: Eye,

Topics Focus on Computer Graphics Dynamic Media: Beyond the Printed Page Interactive Multimedia: Eye, Ear, Hand, & Mind Data Compression – How and Why “If you look out in the future you can see how best to make right choices. ” Doug Engelbart 2002 Prentice Hall 2

Focus on Computer Graphics Computer graphics include: § § § Painting Software Digital Image

Focus on Computer Graphics Computer graphics include: § § § Painting Software Digital Image Processing Drawing Software 3 -D Modeling Software CAD/CAM Presentation Graphics 2002 Prentice Hall 3

Painting Software Paint pixels on the screen with a pointing device such as a

Painting Software Paint pixels on the screen with a pointing device such as a mouse, joystick, trackball, touch pad or pen. The pointer movements are translated into lines and patterns on the screen. 2002 Prentice Hall 4

Graphics Talk Pixels are tiny dots of white, black, or color that make up

Graphics Talk Pixels are tiny dots of white, black, or color that make up images on the screen. Palette of tools that mimic real-world painting tools and other tools unique to computers. Bitmapped graphics (or raster graphics) are pictures that show the pixels are mapped on the screen. Color depth is the number of bits devoted to each pixel. Resolution is the density of the pixels. 2002 Prentice Hall 5

Digital Image Processing: Photographic Editing by Computer Software that allows the user to manipulate

Digital Image Processing: Photographic Editing by Computer Software that allows the user to manipulate photographs and other high-resolution images with tools such as Adobe Photoshop. Far more powerful than traditional photo-retouching techniques. § Can distort and combine photos as demonstrated in the tabloids § Create fabricated images that show no evidence of tampering 2002 Prentice Hall 6

Building a Photo Collage Take an image 2002 Prentice Hall Combine it with other

Building a Photo Collage Take an image 2002 Prentice Hall Combine it with other objects Make a statement 7

Drawing: Object-Oriented Graphics Drawing software stores a picture as a collection of lines and

Drawing: Object-Oriented Graphics Drawing software stores a picture as a collection of lines and shapes (called object-oriented or vector graphics). Memory demands on storage not as high as bitmapped images. Many drawing tools - line, shape and text tools are similar to painting tools in bitmapped programs. 2002 Prentice Hall 8

Pixels vs. Objects Bit-mapped painting (pixels) gives you these advantages: § More control over

Pixels vs. Objects Bit-mapped painting (pixels) gives you these advantages: § More control over textures, shading and fine detail § Appropriate for screen displays, simulating natural paint media and embellishing photographs 2002 Prentice Hall 9

Pixels vs. Objects Object-oriented drawing gives you these advantages: § Better for creating printed

Pixels vs. Objects Object-oriented drawing gives you these advantages: § Better for creating printed graphs, charts, and illustrations § Lines are cleaner and shapes are smoother 2002 Prentice Hall 10

Rules of Thumb: Creating Smart Art Choose the right tool for the job. Don’t

Rules of Thumb: Creating Smart Art Choose the right tool for the job. Don’t be afraid to experiment and create your own art. Use computer clip art images that are either in the public domain or available through licensing. Don’t borrow without permission. Protect your own work by using the copyright symbol © 2002 Prentice Hall 11

3 -D Modeling Software Used to create three-dimensional objects with tools similar to those

3 -D Modeling Software Used to create three-dimensional objects with tools similar to those in drawing software. Goal for some applications: to create an animated presentation on a computer screen or videotape. Flexible: can create a 3 -D model, rotate it, view it from different angles Can “walk-through” a 3 -D environment that exists only in the computer’s memory 2002 Prentice Hall 12

3 -D Modeling Software Images in wireframe view; ones on right are fully rendered

3 -D Modeling Software Images in wireframe view; ones on right are fully rendered to add surface textures 2002 Prentice Hall 13

CAD/CAM: Turning Pictures into Products Computer Aided Design (CAD) software allows engineers, designers, and

CAD/CAM: Turning Pictures into Products Computer Aided Design (CAD) software allows engineers, designers, and architects to create designs on screen for products ranging from computer chips to public buildings. Can test product prototypes Cheaper, faster, and more accurate than traditional design-by-hand techniques 2002 Prentice Hall 14

CAD/CAM: Turning Pictures into Products Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) is the process by which data

CAD/CAM: Turning Pictures into Products Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) is the process by which data related to the product design are fed into a program that controls the manufacturing of parts. Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) refers to the combination of CAD/CAM and is a major step toward a fully automated factory. 2002 Prentice Hall 15

Presentation Graphics: Bringing Lectures to Life Presentation graphics software helps to automate the creation

Presentation Graphics: Bringing Lectures to Life Presentation graphics software helps to automate the creation of visual aids for lectures, training sessions, sales demonstrations, and other presentations. Create slide shows directly on computer monitors or LCD projectors, including still images, animation and video clips. Slides might include: § § photographs drawings charts tables 2002 Prentice Hall 16

Rules of Thumb: Making Powerful Presentations Know your audience Outline your ideas Keep it

Rules of Thumb: Making Powerful Presentations Know your audience Outline your ideas Keep it simple Use a consistent design Don’t clutter the screen Keep each slide focused Tell them what you’re going to tell them, then tell them what you told them 2002 Prentice Hall 17

Dynamic Media: Beyond the Printed Page Modern media contains dynamic information-information that changes over

Dynamic Media: Beyond the Printed Page Modern media contains dynamic information-information that changes over time or in response to user input. § § Animation Desktop Video Audio Hypertext and hypermedia 2002 Prentice Hall 18

Animation: Graphics in Time Each frame of computer-based animation is a computerdrawn picture and

Animation: Graphics in Time Each frame of computer-based animation is a computerdrawn picture and the computer displays those frames in rapid succession. § Tweening-instead of drawing each frame by hand, animator can create key frames and objects and use software to help fill in the gaps “Anything you can imagine can be done. If you can draw it, if you can describe it, we can do it. It’s just a matter of cost. ” James Cameron, Filmmaker 2002 Prentice Hall 19

Desktop Video: Computers, Film, and TV A video digitizer can convert analog video signals

Desktop Video: Computers, Film, and TV A video digitizer can convert analog video signals from a television broadcast or videotape into digital data. 2002 Prentice Hall 20

Desktop Video: Computers, Film, and TV Video editing software such as Adobe Premiere makes

Desktop Video: Computers, Film, and TV Video editing software such as Adobe Premiere makes it easy to eliminate extraneous footage, combine clips from multiple takes, splice together scenes, create specific effects and other activities. Morphs are video clips in which one image metamorphoses into another. Data compression software and hardware used to squeeze data out of movies so they can be stored in smaller spaces. 2002 Prentice Hall 21

The Synthetic Musician: Computers and Audio digitizer- captures sound and stores it as a

The Synthetic Musician: Computers and Audio digitizer- captures sound and stores it as a data file Synthesizer - electronic instrument that synthesizes sounds using mathematical formulas MIDI - Musical Instrument Digital Interface is a standard interface that allows electronic instruments and computers to communicate with each other Sequencing software - turns a computer into a musical composition, recording and editing machine. 2002 Prentice Hall 22

Hypertext and Hypermedia Hypertext refers to information linked in non- sequential ways. Hypermedia combines

Hypertext and Hypermedia Hypertext refers to information linked in non- sequential ways. Hypermedia combines text, numbers, graphics, animation, sound effects, music and other media in hyperlinked documents. § Useful for on-line help files § Jump between documents all over the Internet 2002 Prentice Hall 23

Interactive Multimedia: Eye, Ear, Hand, and Mind A combination of text, graphics, animation, video,

Interactive Multimedia: Eye, Ear, Hand, and Mind A combination of text, graphics, animation, video, music, voice and sound effects that allows the user to take an active part in the experience. Requirements: highquality color monitors, fast processors, large memory, CD-ROM drives, speakers, and sound cards 2002 Prentice Hall 24

Multimedia Authoring: Making Mixed Media Multimedia authoring software glues together media captured and created

Multimedia Authoring: Making Mixed Media Multimedia authoring software glues together media captured and created with other applications. Multimedia authoring tools include prewritten behaviors attached to buttons, images or other onscreen objects 2002 Prentice Hall 25

Rules of Thumb: Making Interactive Multimedia Work Be consistent in visual appearance Use graphical

Rules of Thumb: Making Interactive Multimedia Work Be consistent in visual appearance Use graphical metaphors to guide viewers Keep the screen clean and uncluttered Include multimedia elements to enliven the presentation Focus on the message Give the user control Test your presentation with those unfamiliar with the subject 2002 Prentice Hall 26

Interactive Media: Visions of the Future Positive aspects: § Users become active participants §

Interactive Media: Visions of the Future Positive aspects: § Users become active participants § People gain control over the media and use it to create a new kind of digital democracy Negative aspects: § Users become isolated and addicted to the technology § Media used to influence and control unwary citizens 2002 Prentice Hall 27

 2002 Prentice Hall 28

2002 Prentice Hall 28