Chapter 7 Electricity and Magnetism Vocabulary electron a

Chapter 7 Electricity and Magnetism

Vocabulary • • • • electron: a tiny bit of an atom that has a negative charge proton: a tiny bit of an atom that has a positive charge conductor: a material through which electric current passes easily insulator: a material through which electric current does not pass easily resistance: how well electricity flows through a material series circuit: a circuit that connects several objects one after the other so that the current flows in a single path parallel circuit: a circuit that connects several objects in a way that the current for each object has its own path magnet: an object that pulls iron and steel things to it magnetism: the force around a magnet pole: a place on a magnet where the magnetism is strongest magnetic field: the space around a magnet where magnetism acts compass: a small magnet that can turn freely generator: a machine that uses an energy source and a magnet to make electricity electromagnet: a magnet made when an electric current flows through a wire

Electric Charges • Electrons have a negative electrical charge. • Protons have a positive electrical charge. • Like charges repel each other (e. g. electron and electron or proton and proton repel each other). • Unlike charges attract each other (e. g. electron and proton attract each other).

Conductors and Insulators • A conductor is a material that allows electric current to pass easily through it. • Many metals are good conductors. • Insulators are materials that do not allow electric current to pass easily. • Air, rubber, glass, and plastic are insulators. Practice

Series Circuits • In a series circuit, the bulbs are in the same path. • If one bulb goes out, they all go out.

Parallel Circuit • In a parallel circuit, each light has its own path for electric current. • If one light bulb goes out, the other will remain lit.

Magnetism • A magnet is anything that pulls iron and steel to it.

What will make a magnet move? Test the items listed below to see if they can make the magnet move. Item Pencil Paper Clip Penny Marble Scissors Nuts & Bolts Yarn Button Yes No

Magnetic Poles The ends of a magnet are where the magnetic effect is the strongest. These are called poles. Each magnet has 2 poles – 1 north, 1 south.

Magnetic Fields The region where the magnetic forces act is called the “magnetic field”.

Activities • • • The Blobz Guide to Electricity Changing Circuits Quizlet Magnazone Quia Review