Chapter 7 D Operant Conditioning Expanding Skinners Understanding
- Slides: 15
Chapter 7 (D): Operant Conditioning: Expanding Skinner’s Understanding A. P. Psychology
Do-Now (Questionnaire/In Journal) Answer the Yes/No questions on Hand-Out 77: “Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire” n Tally up the Yes responses of odd and even numbers: n n Sensitivity to Punishment: n Odd numbers: Higher scores representing higher sensitivity to punishment n Sensitivity to Reward: n Even numbers: Higher scores representing higher sensitivity to reward
Cognition and Operant Conditioning n Skinner acknowledged the role of one’s cognition on operant conditioning n Cognitive Map: A mental representation of the layout of one’s environment n E. g. after exploring a maze, rats act as if they have learned a cognitive map of it n
Cognition and Operant Conditioning n Latent Learning: n Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it
Video Clip: Cognitive Maps n. How does the rat use latent learning in pursuit of food, after its path has been blocked? https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=_u. DCGmo 2 x. OM
Cognition and Operant Conditioning n. Can you think of an example when you experienced latent learning?
Cognition and Operant Conditioning n Insight: n A sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem
Types of Motivation n Intrinsic Motivation: n n A desire to perform a behavior for its own sake Extrinsic Motivation: n A desire to perform a behavior to receive promised rewards or avoid threatened punishment
Types of Motivation n What is something that you are intrinsically motivated to do? n What is something that you are extrinsically motivated to do? n With which type of motivation is operant conditioning more effective?
“Consideration of Future Consequences Scale” Answer the questions on Hand-Out 7 -4: “Consideration of Future Consequences Scale” n Tally up the numbers of your responses: n Reverse the numbers that you gave in statements 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, and 12 (i. e. , 1=5, 2=4, 3=3, 4=2, 5=1) n Next, add the numbers in front of all 12 items n The higher your score, the greater consideration you have for future consequences n
Biology and Operant Conditioning n Biological constraints predispose organisms to learn associations that are naturally adaptive Breland (1961) showed that animals drift toward their biologically predisposed instinctive behaviors https: //www. youtube. com/ watch? v=g. MQJc 6 L_jv. Y n Marian Breland Bailey
Operant Vs. Classical Conditioning
Review n What is a cognitive map? How did rats use it in operant conditioning? n What is latent learning? Provide an example. n What is insight? What is its role in problem-solving? n What is the difference between intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation? n In what ways do organisms’ biology influence operant conditioning? n Watson. . . Little Albert. . . n https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=FMnhy. Goz. Ly. E
Homework n Chapter 7 D Quiz
n 1. True or False:
- Classical conditioning vs operant conditioning
- John watson's little albert experiment
- Operant conditioning vs classical conditioning
- Classical conditioning vs operant conditioning
- Classical conditioning vs operant conditioning
- Classical vs operant
- Operant conditioning vs classical conditioning
- Operant vs classical conditioning
- Classical conditioning vs operant conditioning
- Operant conditioning classical conditioning
- Skinners box
- Home youtube
- Vicarious reinforcement
- Skinner experiment
- Thorndike puzzle box
- Premack principle