Chapter 7 3 Cell Transport CELL TRANSPORT What

Chapter 7. 3 Cell Transport CELL TRANSPORT What is it?

Cell Transport DEFINITION: • Cell Transport is moving materials into, out of, or within the cell

What is the purpose of Cell Transport? • Cells need to bring in materials necessary for homeostasis. • Cells need to get rid of wastes • Cells produce materials that will be used in other parts of the cell, or outside the cell in other parts of the organism

THE CELL MEMBRANE REVIEW STRUCTURE • The cell membrane is composed of two layers phospholipids of _______. • It is called the aqueous environment phospholipid bilayer _________ because it is made of these two layers. aqueous environment phosphate head fatty acid tails

THE CELL MEMBRANE REVIEW FUNCTION The cell membrane has several important functions: 1) It forms a physical barrier ______ to protect the inside of the cell from the outside environment. 2) It controls the transport ____ of substances into and out of the cell. This is possible because the membrane is semi-permeable _______ meaning only certain substances are allowed to cross it. 3) It plays a role in cell-to-cell communication _______.

Cell Membrane (Transport) Protein Channel Layer 1 Cell Membrane Layer 2 Lipid Bilayer Protein Pump

CELL TRANSPORT TYPES There are 2 types of Cell Transport: 1) The first type requiring No energy is ________ Passive Transport. 2) The second type Requiring the cell to expend energy is Active Transport. ________

CELL TRANSPORT PASSIVE Transport is a process that does NOT require energy to HIGH to LO Concentration. move molecules from a ______ 1) One type of passive transport includes _____ Diffusion. • A special type of diffusion involving the movement of water is _____ Osmosis. 2) A second type of passive transport that involves the use of protein channels is Facilitated Diffusion __________.

CELL TRANSPORT PASSIVE DIFFUSION is the movement of ______ Small particles across a semi permeable membrane, until ______ Equilibrium is reached. HIGH to LO concentration. These particle move from a ______ Outside of cell Inside of cell

DIFFUSION

DIFFUSION HIGH to LOW concentration

LINK Diffusion: http: //bcs. whfreeman. com/thelifewire/content/chp 05/0502001. html

CELL TRANSPORT PASSIVE OSMOSIS is the “diffusion” of ______ Water particles across a semi permeable membrane. HIGH to LO concentration These particle move from a ______ of water. The selectively permeable membrane is permeable to the small water molecules but not the larger sugar molecules

Water will travel to the Hypertonic side LINK Amoeba Sistiers Osmosis: https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ia. Z 8 Mt. F 3 C 6 M

CELL TRANSPORT PASSIVE FACILITATED DIFFUSION is the movement of _______ Larger molecules across a semi permeable membrane. Larger molecules must be helped. Proteins in the cell membrane form ______ Channels for large molecules to pass through. Proteins that form channels for large molecule to pass through are called ________ Protein Channels. outside of cell inside of cell Glucose molecules

CELL TRANSPORT PASSIVE DIFFUSION vs. FACILITATED DIFFUSION Diffusion ______ Facilitated Diffusion _________ LINK: http: //bcs. whfreeman. com/thelifewire/content/chp 05/0502001. html

CELL TRANSPORT PASSIVE A solution, compared to the concentration inside a cell, maybe one of the following: 1) ______ Hypertonic compared to the inside of the cell. 2) ______ Hypotonic compared to the inside of the cell. 3) ______ Isotonic compared to the inside of the cell.

Hypertonic Solutions: contain a high concentration of solute relative to another solution (e. g. the cell's cytoplasm). When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the water diffuses out of the cell, causing the cell to shrivel. Hypotonic Solutions: contain a low concentration of solute relative to another solution (e. g. the cell's cytoplasm). When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, the water diffuses into the cell, causing the cell to swell and possibly explode. Isotonic Solutions: contain the same concentration of solute as another solution (e. g. the cell's cytoplasm). When a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, the water diffuses into and out of the cell at the same rate. The fluid that surrounds the body cells is isotonic.

Isotonic Solution (Red Blood Cells) A solution is isotonic to a cell if it has the same concentration of solutes as the cell. Equal amounts of water enter and exit the cell, so its size stays constant.

Hypotonic Solution (Red Blood Cells) A hypotonic solution has fewer solutes than a cell. Overall, more water enters a cell in a hypotonic solution, causing the cell to expand even burst.

Hypertonic Solution (Red Blood Cells) A hypertonic solution has more solutes than a cell. Overall, more water exits a cell in a hypertonic solution, causing the cell to shrivel and even die

If the solution outside the cell is hypotonic, then inside the cell is hypertonic and vice versa Water tends to diffuse from hypotonic to hypertonic

CELL TRANSPORT The shrinking of cells when turgor pressure is lost is called ______ Plasmolysis. This is the reason plants ______ Wilt. PASSIVE

CELL TRANSPORT ACTIVE Transport is a process that DOES require energy to LO to HIGH Concentration. move molecules from a ______ Energy is _____ Required as molecules must be _______ Pumped Against the concentration gradient. Proteins that work as pumps are called _______. Protein Pumps outside of cell inside of cell Carbon Dioxide molecules

ANALOGY: ENERGY NEEDED: NO ENERGY NEEDED: 1) Diffusion (Passive Transport) 2) Facilitated Diffusion (Passive Transport) • Osmosis (type of diffusion involving water) 1) Active Transport

CELL TRANSPORT ACTIVE There are 2 special kinds of Active Transport for the Bulk Transport of larger molecules. ________ 1) ______ Endocytosis is the process by which cells “ingest” stuff. 2) ______ Ectocytosis is the process by which cells “release” stuff.

CELL TRANSPORT ACTIVE Endocytosis. Food is moved into the cell by _______ Storage Vacuole

CELL TRANSPORT ACTIVE Exocytosis Waste is moved out of the cell by _______. Waste being released

Osmosis—Elodea Leaf