Chapter 6 Surface Roughness Surface roughness Evaluation parameters

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Chapter 6 Surface Roughness 表面 粗糙度 Surface roughness 表面粗糙度概念 Evaluation parameters for surface roughness

Chapter 6 Surface Roughness 表面 粗糙度 Surface roughness 表面粗糙度概念 Evaluation parameters for surface roughness 表面粗糙度评定参数 Symbols of surface roughness 表面粗糙度的符号 Marking the roughness 表面粗糙度在图样中的标注 Selecting the roughness value 表面粗糙度数值的选用 Exercises 练习题

Surface Roughness 念 表面粗糙度概 The microscopic geometrical property formed by the small clearance and

Surface Roughness 念 表面粗糙度概 The microscopic geometrical property formed by the small clearance and the rise and fall on the machined surface is called surface roughness. 零件加 表面上具有的较小间距和峰谷所形成的微观几 何形状特性称为表面粗糙度。

Evaluation parameters for surface roughness 表面粗糙度评定参数 (1)Contour arithmetic mean deviation Ra 轮廓算术平均偏差 Ra Ra

Evaluation parameters for surface roughness 表面粗糙度评定参数 (1)Contour arithmetic mean deviation Ra 轮廓算术平均偏差 Ra Ra is the absolute arithmetic mean of contour deviated distance (distance between each point of the contour surface and the base line ox) within a sample range of the part surface. Ra是在零件表面 的一段取样长度内, 轮廓偏 距y(表面轮廓上点至基准线Ox的距离)的绝对值的算术平均值。 Ra =1/L Ra Yi Yn

Evaluation parameters for surface roughness 表面粗糙度评定参数 (2) Ten-point height average Rz 微观不平度十点高度Rz Rz is

Evaluation parameters for surface roughness 表面粗糙度评定参数 (2) Ten-point height average Rz 微观不平度十点高度Rz Rz is defined as the sum of average of 5 contour peak heights and the average of 5 contour bottom depths. Rz是在取 样长度内, 5个最大轮廓峰高的平均值与5个最大轮廓谷深的平均 值之和。 Rz Rz Ry (3) Maximum contour height Ry 轮廓最大高度Ry Ry is defined as the distance within the sample length from the peak line to the bottom line. Ry是在取样长度内, 轮廓峰顶线 和轮廓谷底线之间的距离。

Symbols of surface roughness 表面粗糙度的 符号 (1)The surface roughness symbol 表面粗糙度的符号 Basic symbol 基本符

Symbols of surface roughness 表面粗糙度的 符号 (1)The surface roughness symbol 表面粗糙度的符号 Basic symbol 基本符 号 The surface is treated by removing the material. The surface is obtained without removing the material. (2)The location 用去除表层金属方法获得 for specifying the用不去除表层金属的方法获得 surface roughness and related symbols 表面粗糙度数值及有关规定在符号中注写的 a: Code and value of roughness height (unit: µm); Ra的最大允许值, 若写为 a 1/a 2则为最 位置 大允许值/最小允许值; Ra字母可省, 若是Rz或Ry时, 应在数值前注明Rz或Ry(单位: m)。 b: Machining requirements, plating, coating, surface treatment, or other requirements. 加 方法代号(如:车、铣、镀涂或其他表面处理等)。 c: Sample length(unit: mm)or waves (unit: µm); 取样长度(单位: mm)。 d: Symbol of machining veins; 加 纹理方向符号(如: M等)。 e: Allowance(unit: mm) ; 加 余量(单位: mm)。 f: Clearance value of roughness (unit: mm) or contour supporting length

Marking the roughness 表面粗糙度在图样中的标 注 1) In the drawing, one be surface is the

Marking the roughness 表面粗糙度在图样中的标 注 1) In the drawing, one be surface is the only marked once 3) symbol should moveable orsame revolvable in 2) If. Roughness The tipsame of surfaces roughness symbol should point to the 4) 5) If there various are various requirements require the same on roughness, surface, the with related symbol (code). Itbe should beon marked on accordance surface from outside andcan should touch the surface most fine solid common line symbols marked the top-right contours, dimension lines, dimension boundaries 4) with position variation, but shouldn’t be lines, turned overrelated or or be contours. is required corner and to represent with ‘The their rest’. boundary and their extension lines and should be as close as distorted. The roughness possible to related dimension 粗糙度符号的尖端必须从材料外指向零件表面,并与表面轮廓接触上。 5) number size of roughness value lines. should be the same as that 4) 多个表面具有相同粗糙度要求时,对其中使用最多的一种代(符) symbol (code) and dimension should be shown. of在同一图样中, 每一表面一般只标注一次粗糙度代(符)号, 应注在可 见 6) 号, dimensions. It is moveable or revolvable in accordance with 5)轮廓线 可以统一标注在图纸的右上角,并加注“其余”字样。 、尺寸线、尺寸界线或它们的延长线上, 并尽可能靠近有关尺寸线。 一表面上有不同要求时,需用细实线画出其分界线,并标注相应粗糙度代 roughness (符)号和尺寸。 7) symbol and is in accordance with its dimension direction. 粗糙度符号可随加 表面的位置不同平移或旋转,但不能翻转和变形; 粗糙度数值中数字的大小应与同一图样的尺寸数字一致,可随粗糙度符号旋 转而旋转,但应与该处尺寸标注的方向一致。 若全部表面的粗糙 度相同,则可直接 在图的右上角注明

Selecting the roughness value 表面粗糙度数值的选用 (1)Ra values and their corresponding machining methods 表面粗糙度的表面特征及其经济加 方法

Selecting the roughness value 表面粗糙度数值的选用 (1)Ra values and their corresponding machining methods 表面粗糙度的表面特征及其经济加 方法 m Microcosmic surface features 表面微观特征 Primary machining methods 主要加 方法 50 Obviously visible tool marks明�� 刀痕 25 Visible tool marks可� 刀痕 Casting, forging, rough turning, rough milling, rough planning, drilling, rubber and coarse wheel. � 造、�� 、粗� 、粗刨、� 、 粗�� 刀和粗砂� 12. 5 Occasional tool marks微� 刀痕 Rough turning, planning, milling, drilling. 粗� 、刨、� 、� 6. 3 Visible machining marks可� 加 痕迹 3. 2 Occasional machining marks微� 加 痕迹 1. 6 Invisible machining marks看不� 加 痕迹 Fine turning, fine milling, fine planning, reaming, boring, rough grinding. 精� 、精刨、� 、� 、粗磨等 0. 80 Recognizable machining veins 可辨加 痕 迹方向 Ra/µ 0. 40 Occasional machining veins微辨加 痕迹 方向 Fine turning, rough reaming, fine broaching, fine boring, fine grinding. 精� 、精拉、精� 、精磨等

Selecting the roughness value 表面粗糙度数值的选用 (2)Principles for selecting surface roughness parameters 表面粗糙度参数值的选用原则 1) The

Selecting the roughness value 表面粗糙度数值的选用 (2)Principles for selecting surface roughness parameters 表面粗糙度参数值的选用原则 1) The first series is preferred. 选用优先采用的数值。 2) parameters on working surfaces are smaller than that on non-working surfaces. Parameters on the moving surface are smaller than on still surfaces. 作表面比非 作表面参数值小, 运动表面比静止表面参数值小。 3) Select parameters according to production cost. Surface roughness Ra value/µm Surface conditionmachining Ra value/µm Surface condition should be as large as possible to reduce cost, R a 参数选用值 /µm 表面 作状况 Ra参数选用值/µm provided Relative 0. 4, 0. 8, 1. 6, 3. 2 Non-contact 12. 5, 25 design or usage requirements are met. 在满足设计或使用要求的 movement 不接触表面 相对运动表面 前提下, Non-removing Static contact 3. 2 , 6. 3 其表面粗糙度的参数值尽可能大,以降低加 成本。 material 静止接触表面 不去除材料表面 Special symbol

Exercises 练习题 1. Point out the surface roughness symbols which are incorrectly. 找出图中粗糙度代号标注方法上的错误并改正之。 2.

Exercises 练习题 1. Point out the surface roughness symbols which are incorrectly. 找出图中粗糙度代号标注方法上的错误并改正之。 2. Indicate the surface roughness symbols. 在图中标注表面粗糙度。 在图中标注表面粗糙度