Chapter 6 Rocks and the Rock Cycle Igneous

Chapter 6 -Rocks and the Rock Cycle Igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary

Rocks and Minerals • What is the rock cycle?

Rocks and Minerals • Rock - • Solid, inorganic material that is usually made of two or more minerals • Mineral- • Inorganic solid material found in nature • Always has the same chemical makeup

Sedimentary Rocks • Sedimentary rocks • When sediments (soil, sand, and minerals) collect in layers to form rocks

Processes that form sedimentary rock • Weathering • Breakdown of rocks and minerals at and just below the Earth’s surface • Can be physical or chemical

Processes that form sedimentary rock • Erosion • Movement of soil and rock material by agents such as water and wind • Deposition/ • sedimentation- • Wind, water, or ice create a sediment deposit by laying down material that has been moved from another location

Compaction

Cementation

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Metamorphic Rocks • Metamorphic rocks- • New rocks that form when existing rocks are heated or squeezed • Formed from heat and pressure

Metamorphic Rocks • Foliated- • Have visible layers or elongated grains of minerals

Metamorphic Rocks • Nonfoliated Rocks • Does not have distinct layers or bands

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Igneous Rocks • Igneous rocks • Form when melted rock from inside Earth cools • Are classified by the size of their crystals

Extrusive Igneous Rock • Extrusive igneous rock • When melted rock cools on Earth’s surface • Does not have large crystals that can be seen • Usually dark color

Intrusive Igneous Rock • Intrusive igneous rock • Melted rock that cools below Earth’s surface • Has large crystals that can easily be seen • Usually light-color

How are igneous rocks formed?

Rock Cycle • Rock Cycle • A diagram that shows how different kinds of rocks are related to one another and how rocks change from one type to another

Speculate the importance of the rock cycle.

Formation of Rocks • Igneous • Sedimentary- • Metamorphic- • Formed when molten (melted rock cools) • Formed when small pieces of weathered material settle in layers and are cemented together • Formed from other rocks by heat and pressure

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