Chapter 6 Lesson 1 War for Independence The

Lesson 1: War for Independence • The Two Armies Face Off • Early Campaigns

Two Armies Face Off • • British Advantages: Strongest navy in the world Well

• American disadvantage: No regular army Weak navy Soldiers lacked experience and weapons

• • • Loyalist reasons: Depended on British for jobs Feared war would

• Patriot Advantages • Fighting on their own ground- it took time and

• Mercenaries- hired soldiers • Hessians-Germans hired to fight for the British

Continental Army • The Continental Congress depended on states to recruit soldiers • Soldiers

Early Campaigns • George Washing lost the Battle of Long Island he had to

African Americans in Battle • Rhode Island enlisted AA but other states refused to.

Battle of Trenton and Princeton • Washington escaped to New Jersey and he waiting

British Strategy • British strategy: control Albany and the Hudson River. This way, NYC

• The British had three generals that were going to attack Albany from

• • Howe decided to attack Philadelphia before moving to Albany It was

• Burgoyne captured Fort Ticonderoga but needed supplies and went to Vermont •

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Chapter 6

Lesson 1: War for Independence • The Two Armies Face Off • Early Campaigns • British Strategy

Two Armies Face Off • • British Advantages: Strongest navy in the world Well trained army England had more people (US had 2. 5 million-that’s the same amount of people that live in Miami Dade County)

• American disadvantage: No regular army Weak navy Soldiers lacked experience and weapons Loyalist in America 1 in 5 were Loyalist or “Tory”

• • • Loyalist reasons: Depended on British for jobs Feared war would destroy America Could not understand why, complaints were minor African Americans- joined British for freedom Loyalty broke up families (Franklins)

• Patriot Advantages • Fighting on their own ground- it took time and money for England to ship things • Greater motivation- fighting for freedom • Leadership- Washington

• Mercenaries- hired soldiers • Hessians-Germans hired to fight for the British

Continental Army • The Continental Congress depended on states to recruit soldiers • Soldiers signed up for a year but that became too short of a time, many people left

Early Campaigns • George Washing lost the Battle of Long Island he had to escape to New Jersey • New York City would be in British control • Nathan Hale was a spy that was caught and hanged “I only regret that I have but one life to lose my country”

African Americans in Battle • Rhode Island enlisted AA but other states refused to. They were scared that slaves would revolt and kill their masters if they had guns

Battle of Trenton and Princeton • Washington escaped to New Jersey and he waiting until Christmas 1776 to attack the British • He won the surprise attack in Trenton and Princeton after crossing the Delaware River

British Strategy • British strategy: control Albany and the Hudson River. This way, NYC is connected and there would be a line to separate New England with the rest of the colonies • I’ll put up the map so you can explain, chill…

• The British had three generals that were going to attack Albany from three different directions • General Burgoyne- Canada • Colonol St. Leger- Lake Ontario • General Howe- NYC

• • Howe decided to attack Philadelphia before moving to Albany It was like a trophy for him, this is where the declaration was signed He took Philadelphia but then winter was coming (game of thrones) He decided to stay until Spring

• Burgoyne captured Fort Ticonderoga but needed supplies and went to Vermont • The Green Mountain Boys-militia of Vermont defeated him and he retreated to Saratoga, NY • St. Leger was stopped at Fort Stanwix in NY so Burgoyne was all alone in Saratoga (Howe was still in Philadelphia • The Patriots under General Horatio Gates surrounded Burgoyne’s army • In October 17, 1777 Burgoyne surrendered, the plan failed. The Battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the war