Chapter 6 4 Organic and Biochemical Compounds alkenes

Chapter 6. 4 – Organic and Biochemical Compounds - alkenes have at least one double bond between carbon atoms C=C - alkenes end with –ene instead of –ane - alcohols have one or more hydroxyl groups (-OH) attached to the carbon instead of a hydrogen - alcohols replace the last –e in the name with -ol

Chapter 6. 4 – Organic and Biochemical Compounds polymer – a large molecule that is a chain of smaller molecules that repeat over and over - ex. rubber, wood, plastic, DNA - polyethylene is a chain of ethenes that make up plastic milk jugs - the smaller parts that make up a polymer are called monomers - polymers can be natural or manmade

Chapter 6. 4 – Organic and Biochemical Compounds - the properties of a polymer depend on its structure - some polymers are hard and inelastic and others can stretch and bend easily and return to their original shape biochemical compounds – organic compounds made by living things

Chapter 6. 4 – Organic and Biochemical Compounds carbohydrates – class of molecules that includes sugars, starches, and fiber - contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen - provide energy to cells amino acid – compound of a class of simple organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group and an amino group carboxyl group amino group

Chapter 6. 4 – Organic and Biochemical Compounds protein – organic compound made of one or more chains of amino acids - provide structure and function to parts of cells DNA is a polymer made of C, H, O, N, P - has the shape of a double helix - stores genetic information that make up living things

Chapter 6. 4 – Organic and Biochemical Compounds - sugars and phosphates make up the sides of the ladder - attached to the sugars are one of four DNA monomers - adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), guanine (G) - the monomers bond only with another specific monomer to form the rungs of the ladder (A-T, C-G)