Chapter 5 The Liver Part I Abdominal Sonography

Chapter 5 The Liver Part I: Abdominal Sonography Abdomen and Superficial Structures Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Objectives • Illustrate the normal anatomy of the liver including the liver lobes and segments, fissures, ligaments, and hepatic vasculature. • Describe the different methods used to classify lobar divisions of the liver including anatomical, segmental, and Couinaud’s anatomical division. • List the functions of the liver and the laboratory values associated with liver function. • Explain the patient preparation, scan technique, and sonographic appearance of the normal liver. Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Objectives • Perform sonographic evaluations of the liver and hepatic system. • Discuss the pathophysiology and sonographic appearance of diffuse liver diseases including fatty infiltration, glycogen storage disease, hepatitis, and cirrhosis. • Describe the differential diagnoses, clinical signs and symptoms, and sonographic appearance of cystic and solid liver lesions. Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Objectives • Formulate a list of differential diagnosis based on correlating the patient's clinical history, laboratory values, results of related diagnostic procedures, and the sonographic tissue characteristics. • Identify technically satisfactory and unsatisfactory sonographic examinations of the vascular system. Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Fetal Circulation Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Liver Location Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Normal Sonographic Anatomy Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Normal Surface Anatomy Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Ligaments Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Anatomic Divisions Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Segmental Division Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Couinaud’s Anatomy Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Situs Inversus Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Reidel’s Lobe Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Vascular Anatomy of the Liver Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Portal Triad: Normal Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Microscopic Anatomy: Lobule Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Sagittal Protocol Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Transverse Protocol Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Scanning Pitfalls Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Fatty Infiltration Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Glycogen Storage Disease: Liver Cell Adenoma Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Hepatitis Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Cirrhosis Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Normal Hepatic Vascular Flow Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Liver Congestion Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Congenital Liver Cyst Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Acquired Cyst Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Pyogenic Abscess Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Parasitic Cyst Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Schistosomiasis Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

HIV-AIDS Related Liver Disease Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Candidiasis: Microabscess Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Cavernous Hemangioma Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Focal Nodular Hyperplasia Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Liver Cell Adenoma Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Angiomyolipoma Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Hepatic Metastasis Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Contrast Enhanced Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Portosystemic Shunt Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins