Chapter 5 SilicaFume Concrete Projects Bridge Decks Parking

Chapter 5. Silica-Fume Concrete Projects · Bridge Decks · Parking Structure · High-Rise Columns · HPC Bridge · Shotcrete Rehabilitation · HPC Constructability

Bridge Decks -- New Construction and Overlays (Fly Ash and Silica Fume Combination) Chapter Outline

Project: Bridge Deck Construction New York State DOT High-Performance Concrete Requirements: Resist chloride ion penetration Minimize cracking

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement Fly ash Silica fume w/cm Slump Air Wet cure 500 lb/yd 3 135 lb/yd 3 40 lb/yd 3 0. 40 3 -4 inches 6. 5 % 7 days

Concrete Performance: Rapid chloride permeability: < 1, 600 coulombs Compressive strength, 28 days: > 5, 400 psi “Results indicated that Class HP decks performed better than previously specified concrete in resisting both longitudinal and transverse cracking. ”

Project: Bridge Deck Construction New York State DOT High-Performance Concrete Requirements: Resist chloride ion penetration Minimize cracking SI

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement Fly ash Silica fume w/cm Slump Air Wet cure 300 kg/m 3 80 kg/m 3 25 kg/m 3 0. 40 75 -100 mm 6. 5 % 7 days SI

Concrete Performance: Rapid chloride permeability: < 1, 600 coulombs Compressive strength, 28 days: > 37 MPa “Results indicated that Class HP decks performed better than previously specified concrete in resisting both longitudinal and transverse cracking. ” SI

Bridge Deck Overlay (High Silica Fume Content) Chapter Outline

Project: Bridge Deck Overlay, Ohio DOT Beverly, Ohio Requirements: Resist chloride ion penetration 4, 500 psi at 28 days RCP < 1, 000 coulombs

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I Silica fume w/cm Slump Air HRWRA WRA, Type D 700 lb/yd 3 70 lb/yd 3 0. 36 4 -8 in. 6 -10% 20 fl oz/cwt 3 fl oz/cwt

Concrete Performance: Rapid chloride permeability 600 coulombs Compressive strength, 28 days 7, 000 psi

Project: Bridge Deck Overlay, Ohio DOT Beverly, Ohio Requirements: Resist chloride ion penetration 31 MPa at 28 days RCP < 1, 000 coulombs SI

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I 415 kg/m 3 Silica fume 41. 5 kg/m 3 w/cm 0. 36 Slump 100 -200 mm Air 6 -10% HRWRA 1. 3 L/100 kg WRA, Type D 165 ml/100 kg SI

Concrete Performance: Rapid chloride permeability Compressive strength, 28 days 600 coulombs 48 MPa SI

Parking Structure Chapter Outline

Project: Parking Structure General Mitchell Airport Milwaukee, Wisconsin Requirements: Resist chloride ion penetration 2, 000 psi at 36 hours 5, 700 psi at 56 days

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I Fly ash, Class C Silica fume w/cm WRA Slump, maximum 565 lb/yd 3 100 lb/yd 3 39 lb/yd 3 0. 35 12 fl oz/yd 3 9 in. Additional WRA and HRWRA in SF slurry

Concrete Performance: Compressive strength, 36 hours: > 2, 000 psi Cores taken at 2 - 10 months averaged < 1, 000 coulombs Slump used: 6 - 7. 5 in.

Project: Parking Structure General Mitchell Airport Milwaukee, Wisconsin Requirements: Resist chloride ion penetration 14 MPa at 36 hours 40 MPa at 56 days SI

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I Fly ash, Class C Silica fume w/cm WRA Slump, maximum 335 kg/m 3 60 kg/m 3 17 kg/m 3 0. 35 440 m. L/m 3 230 mm Additional WRA and HRWRA in SF slurry SI

Concrete Performance: Compressive strength, 36 hours > 14 MPa Cores taken at 2 - 10 months averaged < 1, 000 coulombs Slump used: 150 - 90 mm SI

High-Rise Columns Chapter Outline

Project: Key Bank Tower Cleveland, Ohio Requirements: High ultimate strength, > 12, 000 psi High modulus, > 6, 800, 000 psi Pumpable, 57 stories

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I GGBFS Silica fume w/cm Slump, minimum HRWRA WRA, Type A 685 lb/yd 3 285 lb/yd 3 80 lb/yd 3 0. 24 10 in. 30 -50 fl oz/cwt 4 fl oz/cwt

Concrete Performance: Modulus Compressive strength, 28 days 56 days > 7, 000 psi > 14, 000 psi > 15, 000 psi

Project: Key Bank Tower Cleveland, Ohio Requirements: High ultimate strength, > 83 MPa High modulus, > 47 GPa Pumpable, 57 stories SI

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I GGBFS Silica fume w/cm Slump, minimum HRWRA WRA, Type A 406 kg/m 3 169 kg/m 3 47 kg/m 3 0. 24 250 mm 2. 0 -3. 3 L/100 kg 260 m. L/100 kg SI

Concrete Performance: Modulus Compressive strength, 28 days 56 days > 48 GPa > 97 MPa > 103 MPa SI

HPC Bridge Chapter Outline

Project: I-25 and Yale Bridge, Colorado DOT Denver, Colorado Requirements: Reduced number of spans with shallow superstructure depth Compressive strength: 10, 000 psi

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I 730 lb/yd 3 Silica fume 35 lb/yd 3 w/cm 0. 29 HRWRA 44 -131 fl oz/yd 3 WRA 15 -58 fl oz/yd 3

Project: I-25 and Yale Bridge, Colorado DOT Denver, Colorado Requirements: Reduced number of spans with shallow substructure depth Compressive strength: 69 MPa SI

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I Silica fume w/cm HRWRA 433 kg/m 3 21 kg/m 3 0. 29 1. 7 -5. 1 L/m 3 0. 6 -2. 2 L/m 3 SI

Shotcrete Rehabilitation Chapter Outline

Project: Seismic Retrofit Littlerock Dam, California Requirements: Provide adequate seismic stability for maximum credible earthquake Compressive strength of 6, 000 psi at 28 days in a 4 -in. thick overlay

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I Silica fume Steel fibers w/cm Slump 682 lb/yd 3 70 lb/yd 3 100 lb/yd 3 0. 45 2 -4 in.

Concrete Performance: Compressive strength, cores, > 21 days, average 7, 300 psi Pulloff testing of cores satisfied project requirements of 150 psi Average shotcrete thickness: 4. 7 in.

Project: Seismic Retrofit Littlerock Dam, California Requirements: Provide adequate seismic stability for maximum credible earthquake Compressive strength of 41 MPa at 28 days in a 100 -mm thick overlay SI

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I Silica fume Steel fibers w/cm Slump 405 kg/m 3 41 kg/m 3 60 kg/m 3 0. 45 50 - 100 mm SI

Concrete Performance: Compressive strength, cores, > 28 days, average > 50 MPa Pulloff testing of cores satisfied project requirements of 1. 0 MPa Average shotcrete thickness: 119 mm SI

HPC Constructability Chapter Outline

Project: Canister Storage Building Hanford Nuclear Site, WA Requirements: Ease of placement Temperature control of mass concrete High early strength for stripping High durability

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I Fly ash, Class F Silica fume w/cm Slump HRWRA Mid-range WRA 391 lb/yd 3 150 lb/yd 3 60 lb/yd 3 0. 37 8 in. 150 fl oz/yd 3 60 fl oz/yd 3

Concrete Performance: Concrete temperature, as delivered in place < 70 deg F < 100 deg F Compressive strength, 28 days 90 days > 6, 300 psi > 7, 500 psi

Concrete Mixture: Portland cement, Type I Fly ash, Class F Silica fume w/cm Slump HRWRA Mid-range WRA 232 kg/m 3 89 kg/m 3 36 kg/m 3 0. 37 200 mm 5. 8 L/m 3 2. 3 L/m 3 SI

Concrete Performance: Concrete temperature, as delivered in place < 21 deg C < 38 deg C Compressive strength, 28 days 90 days > 43 MPa > 52 MPa SI

End of Chapter 5 Main Outline