Chapter 5 Section 3 Using Thermal Energy Thermal

Chapter 5 / Section 3: Using Thermal Energy Thermal energy can be made useful by controlling its transfer and by transforming it into other forms of energy.

Essential Questions � What are some common types of heating systems? � What are the first and second laws of thermodynamics? � How does an internal combustion engine work? � How does a refrigerator work? Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Heating Systems Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Heating Systems Most buildings contain some type of heating system. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Heating Systems Most buildings contain some type of heating system. Oldest method – wood or coal-burning stove. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Heating Systems Most buildings contain some type of heating system. � Oldest method – wood or coal-burning stove. � Forced-Air Systems: most common type of heating system in use today Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Heating Systems Most buildings contain some type of heating system. � Oldest method – wood or coal-burning stove. � Forced-Air Systems: most common type of heating system in use today � Radiator System: Hot water or steam – conduction and convection used to spread. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Heating Systems Most buildings contain some type of heating system. � Oldest method – wood or coal-burning stove. � Forced-Air Systems: most common type of heating system in use today � Radiator System: Hot water or steam – conduction and convection used to spread. � Electric Heating Systems: Conduction and convection spread heat in individual coil systems. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Heating Systems Most buildings contain some type of heating system. � Oldest method – wood or coal-burning stove. � Forced-Air Systems: most common type of heating system in use today � Radiator System: Hot water or steam – conduction and convection used to spread. � Electric Heating Systems: Conduction and convection spread heat in individual coil systems. � Solar Heating: radiant energy from the Sun can be used to help heat homes � Active and Passive Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Active Solar Heating Solar collectors used that absorb radiant energy from the Sun. � roof or south side of a building Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

How is our school heated?

How much do you think the heating bill at Mall of America costs?

Mall of America® By The Numbers • 8 acres of skylights allow about 70% of the natural light to enter the Mall • 4. 3 miles of total store front footage • 7 Yankee Stadiums can fit inside the Mall • 27 rides and attractions in Nickelodeon Universe® • 32 Boeing 747 s could fit inside the Mall • 70 degrees inside Mall of America whether its spring, summer, winter or fall • 258 Statues of Liberty could lie inside the Mall • 12, 550 on-site parking spaces at Mall of America in two ramps • 30, 000+ live plants and 400 live trees climbing as high as 35 feet tall in Nickelodeon Universe • 32, 000+ tons of trash recycled each year • 4. 87 million square feet of gross building area • 40 million visitors annually which is more than the combined populations of North Dakota, South Dakota, Iowa. . . and Canada • If Mount Rushmore was divided into individual monuments, a president could reside in each of the Mall’s four courts

Thermodynamics Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Thermodynamics Thermal energy, heat, and work are related, and the study of the relationship among them is thermodynamics. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Heat and Work Increase Thermal Energy Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Heat and Work Increase Thermal Energy � You increase the energy of a system whenever you do work on that system or heat that system. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

The First Law of Thermodynamics Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

The First Law of Thermodynamics The energy in a system remains constant, even thought it changes forms. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

The Second Law of Thermodynamics Energy spontaneously spreads from regions of higher energy to regions of lower energy. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Converting Thermal Energy to Mechanical Energy Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Converting Thermal Energy to Mechanical Energy Heat Engine. � Gas converts to thermal energy. � Engine transforms thermal energy into mechanical energy by rotating the car’s wheels. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Internal Combustion Engines The heat engine in a car is an internal combustion engine in which fuel is burned inside the engine in chambers or cylinders. � Each cylinder contains a piston that moves up and down. � Each up-and-down movement of the piston is called a stroke. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Internal Combustion Engine https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=SYd 40 q. WQ 9 Bc Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Other Thermal Energy Transfers � Refrigerator � Heat Pumps � Air conditioners Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

The Human Coolant Your body uses evaporation to keep its internal temperature constant. � As you exercise, your body generates sweat. As the sweat evaporates, it carries away thermal energy. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Using Thermal Energy

Geothermal Heat �https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Fg. Iu. Ek 26 J 5 Q