Chapter 5 Orbital Filling Diagrams and Electron Dot

Chapter 5 Orbital Filling Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams

Orbital Filling Diagrams • Orbital filling diagrams illustrate the pairing of the electrons in an atom.

An “s” sublevel has one orbital

A “p” sublevel has three orbitals

A “d” sublevel has five orbitals

An “f” sublevel has seven orbitals

Orbital Filling Diagrams

A. General Rules • Pauli Exclusion Principle – Each orbital can hold TWO electrons with opposite spins.

A. General Rules • Hund’s Rule – Within a sublevel, place one e- per orbital before pairing them. – All electrons in singly filled orbitals have the same direction of spin. WRONG RIGHT

B. Notation • Orbital Diagram O 8 e- 1 s 2 s • Electron Configuration 2 2 4 1 s 2 s 2 p 2 p

What type of sublevel is this?

Make the orbital filling diagram for d 8 How many of the electrons are unpaired?

What type of sublevel is this?

Make the orbital filling diagram for f 10 How many of the electrons are paired?

Electron Dot Diagrams Step 1: Write the electron configuration

Electron Dot Diagrams Step 2: Determine the number of valence electrons. The valence electrons are the electrons in the outer energy level.

Electron Dot Diagrams Step 3: Write the symbol of the element surrounded by valence electrons. Place one electron on each side before pairing them up.

• Draw the electron dot diagram for oxygen.

Draw the electron dot diagram for selenium. (Z = 34)

Draw the electron dot diagram for chlorine. (Z = 17)

Draw the electron dot diagram for hydrogen. (Z = 1)

Preview: Lewis Structures • Lewis structures will not be part of this chapter test but they illustrate a common use of electron dot diagrams.