Chapter 5 Natural Laws Car Control 1 Gravity

Gravity l l l Gravity- Pulls all objects toward the center of the earth.

Energy of Motion l The energy an object has when it’s moving. l Energy

Friction / Tires l l l Keeps the tires from slipping Tires control the

Factors that reduce traction l Poor Car Conditions Worn steering system Poor shock absorbers

Curves l Cars want to go straight through curves. l Factors that affect control

Stopping Distance l Total Stopping Distance- Distance it takes to stop, from the time

Factors that Affect Braking Distance l Speed l Condition of Car l Road Surface

Impact l Factors Affecting Impact Speed Weight l Distance Between Impact and Stop l

Ways to Protect Passengers l Restraint Devices Passive Active l Safety Belts l Three

Ways to Protect Passengers l Air Bags l Use with safety belts l Use

Other Protective Devices l Front and rear crush areas l Side door beams l

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Chapter 5 Natural Laws & Car Control 1

Gravity l l l Gravity- Pulls all objects toward the center of the earth. When driving downhill, gravity speeds you up. When driving uphill, gravity slows you down. Center of Gravity- The point around which all of a car’s weight is evenly balanced. A low center of gravity is better for a car. 2

Energy of Motion l The energy an object has when it’s moving. l Energy of motion increases greatly with increases of speed and weight. (pg. 93) 3

Friction / Tires l l l Keeps the tires from slipping Tires control the movement of the car. Friction = Traction Tread- the grooved surface of the tire that touches the road. The deeper the tread, the better the traction Split traction – Speed, Braking and Turning 4

Factors that reduce traction l Poor Car Conditions Worn steering system Poor shock absorbers Tire wear- major cause of reduced traction Poor road Surfaces Slick roads Sand, mud, or gravel roads 5

Curves l Cars want to go straight through curves. l Factors that affect control in a curve Speed- slow down before you get to the curve Sharpness of a curve Bank of a curve Load 6

Stopping Distance l Total Stopping Distance- Distance it takes to stop, from the time you see a problem until you come to a complete stop. l Perception Time and Distance l Reaction Time and Distance-average reaction time ¾ second. l Braking Distance 7

Factors that Affect Braking Distance l Speed l Condition of Car l Road Surface l Driver Ability l Hill l Load 8

Impact l Factors Affecting Impact Speed Weight l Distance Between Impact and Stop l You’re better off if something slows you down gradually 9

Ways to Protect Passengers l Restraint Devices Passive Active l Safety Belts l Three collisions- car you and internal organs 10

Ways to Protect Passengers l Air Bags l Use with safety belts l Use balanced hand position to avoid facial injury l Put children in back seat l Airbag Improvements Adjustable speed On/Off switches 11

Other Protective Devices l Front and rear crush areas l Side door beams l Reinforced windshields l Energy absorbing steering wheel and column l Padded dash l Energy absorbing bumpers l Child safety seats 12

Homework l Study for Chapter 5 Test 13