Chapter 5 IT Infrastructures and Emerging Technologies IT

Chapter 5 IT Infrastructures and Emerging Technologies

IT Infrastructure Hardware and software (IT), and Human resources Computing platforms Telecommunications services Data management services Application software services Physical facilities management services IT standards service IT education IT research

Terms Mainframe computer Mini computer Supercomputer Personal computer

Evolution Mainframe and Minicomputer Era Personal Computer Era Client/Server Era Enterprise Computing Era Cloud and Mobile Computing Era Cloud computing – model/provides access to a shared pool of computing resources over a network (most commonly Internet)

Servers Server – computer/provides software and other resources to other computers over a network Blade Server Web Server Application Server racks

Technology Drivers of Infrastructure Evolution Moore’s Law Nanotechnology The Law of Mass Digital Storage Metcalfe’s Law and Network Economics Declining Communication Costs and the Internet Other: technology standards

7 Major Infrastructure Components

Terms Operating System Web hosting service Legacy systems

Hardware Platform trends Mobile Digital Platform Grid Computing (Geographically dispersed; connecting to a single network) Ex: SETI, Grid. Cafe Virtualization (presenting computer resources so they can all be accessed in ways not restricted to physical or geographical location)

Hardware Platform Trends (cont) Cloud Computing Public vs Private Green Computing Autonomic Computing (organization-wide initiative; develop systems that can fix themselves) High performance and Power saving processors Multicore processors (perform reading and execution of computer instructions; two or more attached)

Software Platform Trends Linux and Open Source Software for the Web: Java and Ajax Web Services and Service-Oriented Architecture Web services – loosely coupled software components; exchange information using universal web communication standards XML – Extensible Markup Language HTML – Hypertext Markup Language SOA – Service Oriented Architecture (collection of web services; used to build a firm’s software system)

Software Platform Trends (cont) Software Outsourcing Software package Enterprise software Software outsourcing Cloud Services Saa. S Service-level Mashups agreement (SLA) and Apps

XML Example

Management Issues Platform and Infrastructure change Management and governance Making Wise Infrastructure Investments Scalability Total cost of ownership (TOC) Competitive Forces Model for IT Infrastructure Investment