Chapter 5 Introduction to Public Speaking Chapter Essential

Chapter 5 Introduction to Public Speaking

Chapter Essential Question o What are the elements that allow some people to present such effective speeches and do it so well?

5. 1 - What is Public Speaking o Def. - A form of communication in which an individual speaks face- to- face with a relatively large audience, and in which the speaker speaks in a fairly continuous manner. o Effective speakers focus on the process of development of the speech- not just the product- the speech itself.

Basics of the Public Speech o Speech basics n http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=t. Shav. Guo 0_E

5. 1 - The Steps to Development o o o Decide topic and purpose Analyze the audience Research the topic, plan thesis, and body Organize the speech Wording the speech Develop confidence and the overcoming fear

5. 1 Considerations of the Process o Whether writing, speaking, reading, or listening, always remember the FAT –P (not me) n n o Form (essay, narrative, speech, multi-media) Audience (classmates, teachers, administrators, public officials. Topic (the focus of the event) Purpose (inform, persuade, entertain, promote social cohesion) Decide topic and purpose http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=LXzvhk. LETBw

5. 1 - Types of Public Speaking o o o Informative- to explain, report, describe, clarify, define, demonstrate (event, concept, or procedure) n Goals of informative n http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=AKuv 8 s 00 Ap E Persuasive- change, influence, or strengthen the attitudes in the actions or beliefs of your audience. Promote Social Cohesion- the feeling of unity and community among the audience

5. 2 -Analyze the Audience o The topic- should be significant and interesting to the audience. o http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ks-_Mh 1 Qh. Mc o Checklist of elements to be considered: n n n Age Gender Background attitudes Appearance Context

5. 3 -Researching and Planning o Every speech has not only a purpose but also a focus to which the speaker must work. n n Identify the topic Research the topic Formulate a thesis- controlling idea Identify your sources by type and validity o Date, biases, sources

5. 3 -Researching and Planning o Determining the Main Points n n Create your thesis Underneath list as many questions as possible to help focus Answer each question Review with someone else- a fresh set of eyes may help you to find problems or focus on different points

5. 4 -Organizing the Speech o o All forms of expression follow a pattern. There are three basic organizational patterns for public speaking n n n Chronological Topical Problem- solution

5. 4 - Organizing the Speech o Chronological: n Set up material according to time. o o Past- Present- Future Step by Step Process Recounting a plot of a movie, novel, etc. Retelling the history of a particular item/ event

5. 4 - Organizing the Speech o Topical: n Organize the material of a presentation into major topics, then into subtopics, and then into specific details. o Problem- Solution: n n Useful for organizing a persuasive speech. First the problem is determined and then the solution is proposed.

5. 5 - Wording the Speech o o o You need to use language in such a manner that what you say will appeal to and be understood by the audience, thus fulfilling your purpose. Develop the body of the speech based on your thesis. Develop your introduction followed by your conclusion

5. 5 - Wording the Speech o To make your speech more vivid is to use the following: n Figures of speech o o Similes Metaphors Analogies Personification

Wording the Speech o Avoid n Clichés- Phrases and expressions that are used to appeal to people o o o “Like a bull in a china shop” “Dead as a doornail” “Sharp as a tack”

5. 6 - Developing Confidence o Stage fright/ Butterflies in the stomachn n The pumping of adrenaline into the bloodstream that assists in the fight or flight response to stimuli. We need to harness that energy to improve the performance.

5. 6 - Developing Confidence o Surveys show that a majority of people have rated the concept of speaking in front a group of peers as their number one fear. n Riegel http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=mb. Dip. VRt 5 a. E o http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=-s. Qvr 9 lo 4 Jk “Butterflies in the stomach” are beneficial rather than harmful. o o o Concentrate on the “performance” and reduce the distractions are the keys

5. 6 - Developing Confidence o Steps to success: n n Practice the presentation Familiarize yourself with the context- the time and place of the presentation Realize the true Perspective- that what you do benefits someone or something. A perfect performance is not expected. Physical Activity- you can reduce your stress by using pre -planned activity to help you focus. Breathe deeply, exhale slowly, relax. Move with a purpose at certain points in the presentation.

o Overcoming nervousness n Riegel o n http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=mb. Dip. VRt 5 a. E Killer presentation skills o Jeffries http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=wh. Twj. G 4 ZIJg

o http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=t. Shav. Guo 0_E o Impromptu speaking n n http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Gef. KPy 5 YY HI Deborah Riegel- Openings and Closings o http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Ny. E 1 Kz 0 e--0

o Killer presentation skills o Jeffries http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=wh. Twj. G 4 ZIJg