Chapter 5 Computer ethics in computer science curriculum

Chapter 5 Computer ethics in computer science curriculum

Intellectual Property o Term used to describe works of the mind n Distinct and “owned” or created by a person or group o Copyright law n Protects authored works o Patent laws n Protect inventions o Trade secret laws n Help safeguard information critical to an organization’s success

Copyrights o Established in the U. S. Constitution n Article I, section 8, clause 8 o Grants creators of original works the right to n Distribute n Display n Perform n Reproduce work n Prepare derivative works based upon the work n Author may grant exclusive right to others

Copyrights … o Types of work that can be copyrighted n Architecture n Art n Audiovisual works n Choreography n Drama n Graphics n Literature n Motion pictures

Copyrights … o Types of work that can be copyrighted n Music n Pantomimes n Pictures n Sculptures n Sound recordings n Other intellectual works § As described in Title 17 of U. S. Code

Copyrights … o Fair use doctrine factors include: n Purpose and character of the use n Nature of the copyrighted work n Portion of the copyrighted work used n Effect of the use upon the value of the copyrighted work o Copyright infringement n Copy substantial and material part of another’s copyrighted work Without permission

Copyrights … o Area of copyright infringement n Worldwide sale of counterfeit consumer supplies o Copyrights to protect computer software exist n To prove infringement, copyright holders must show a striking resemblance between the original software and the new software that could be explained only by copying o World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) n Agency of the United Nations n Advocates for the interests of intellectual property owners

Copyrights … o Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) n Added new provisions to WIPO n Civil and criminal penalties included n Governs distribution of tools and software that can be used for copyright infringement n Opponents say it restricts the free flow of information

Why Study Computer and Information Ethics? o Apply ethical point of view to real-world computing context o Identify and solve ethical problems in specific fields of computing