Chapter 5 3 Lecture Fractures Healing Axial Skeleton

Chapter 5. 3 Lecture Fractures, Healing & Axial Skeleton Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Bone Fractures § Fracture—break in a bone § Types of bone fractures § Closed (simple) fracture—break that does not penetrate the skin § Open (compound) fracture—broken bone penetrates through the skin Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Common Types of Fractures Table 5. 2 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Repair of Bone Fractures § Hematoma (blood-filled swelling) is formed § Break is splinted by fibrocartilage to form a callus § Fibrocartilage callus is replaced by a bony callus § Bony callus is remodeled to form a permanent patch Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Stages in the Healing of a Bone Fracture Hematoma Internal callus (fibrous tissue and cartilage) External callus Bony callus of spongy bone New blood vessels Healed fracture Spongy bone trabecula Hematoma formation Fibrocartilage callus formation Bony callus formation Bone remodeling Figure 5. 5 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings

The Axial Skeleton § Forms the longitudinal axis of the body § Divided into three parts § Skull § Vertebral column § Bony thorax Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings

The Axial Skeleton Figure 5. 6 a Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings

The Axial Skeleton Figure 5. 6 b Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings