Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Objectives Describe four types of tissues that make up the human body. Explain how tissues, organs, and organ systems are organized. Summarize the functions of the primary organ systems in the human body. Identify the five human body cavities and the organs that each contains.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Tissues All tissues are a collection of cells that have a similar structure and that work together to perform a particular function. Muscle Tissue Muscle tissue is composed of cells that can contract in a coordinated fashion.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Tissues, continued Muscle Tissue, continued The human body has three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Skeletal muscle moves the bones in your trunk, limbs, and face. Smooth muscle handles body functions that you cannot control consciously. Cardiac muscle, found in your heart, pumps blood through your body.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Tissues, continued Nervous Tissue Nervous tissue contains cells, or neurons, that receive and transmit messages in the form of electrical impulses. Neurons are nerve cells that are specialized to receive and send electrical impulses.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Tissues, continued Nervous Tissue, continued Nervous tissue can be found throughout the human body and has various functions. For example, nervous tissue can be found in the brain and sensory organs and is used to interpret sensory information.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Tissues, continued Epithelial Tissue Epithelial tissue is tissue that is composed of a sheet of cells and that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity. Epithelial tissue is found in various thicknesses and arrangements, depending on where it is located.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Tissues, continued Epithelial Tissue, continued Each epithelial layer is formed from cells that are tightly bound together, often providing a protective barrier for these surfaces.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Tissues, continued Connective Tissue Connective tissue is a tissue that has a lot of intracellular substance and that connects and supports other tissues.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Tissues, continued Connective Tissue, continued Connective tissues are the most abundant and diverse of the four types of tissue and contain a substance called matrix. Matrix is an intracellular substance that gives connective tissue its strength and flexibility and can be solid, semisolid, or liquid.

Chapter 45 Human Body Tissues Section 1 The Human Body Plan

Body Tissues

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Tissues Click below to watch the Visual Concept

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Organs and Organ Systems An organ consists of various tissues that work together to carry out a specific function. Groups of organs interact in an organ system. Organ systems work together to function in an efficient, integrated manner.

Chapter 45 Major Organ Systems of the Human Body Section 1 The Human Body Plan

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Organs and Organ Systems, continued Integration of Organ Systems An even higher level of organization is the integration of organ systems. The integration of organ systems can be described as each organ system having organs associated with it according to that organ’s primary function. This is so the organ system can work more efficiently.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Overview of Organ Systems Click below to watch the Visual Concept

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Cavities Many organs and organ systems in the human body are housed in compartments called body cavities. These cavities protect internal organs from injuries and permit organs to function while remaining securely supported. Each human cavity can contains one or more organs.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Cavities, continued The human body has five main body cavities, including the cranial cavity, the spinal cavity, the thoracic cavity, the abdominal cavity, and the pelvic cavity. The cranial cavity is the cavity that contains, supports, and protects the brain. The spinal cavity is the cavity that contains, supports, and protects the spinal cord.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Body Cavities, continued The thoracic cavity is the cavity that contains, supports, and protects the heart, esophagus, and the organs of the respiratory system. The abdominal cavity is the cavity that contains, supports, and protects the digestive system. The pelvic cavity is the cavity that contains, supports, and protects the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems.

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Cavities of the Human Body

Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan Human Body Cavities Click below to watch the Visual Concept