Chapter 4 What is the subject of a

Chapter 4

What is the subject of a sentence? the person or thing doing the action of the verb What is the direct object of a sentence? the person or thing receiving the action of the verb

The boy annoys the girl. subject direct object the boy is doing the annoying so he is the subject the girl is receiving the annoying so she is the direct object

In English the word order decides the use of the noun whether it is the subject or direct object In Latin the endings of the word decides the use of the noun.

Servus Marcum vexat. the -us tells that servus is the subject and the -um tells that Marcum is the direct object

Activity 1: Put a S under all subjects and a DO under all direct objects 1. You are eating a nutritious meal this morning. 2. Rebecca entertained Sam and me with an account of her vacation. 3. Mrs. Hamilton appointed Bill and me. 4. Robert and I will carry the tent during the weekend camping trip. 5. Karen left her coat in the restaurant the other night.

Case: the change in the form of a word to show it functions within a sentence. Nominative: the person or thing doing the action of the verb Accusative: the person or thing receiving the action of the verb

Nominative = subject the person or thing doing the action of the verb Accusative = direct object the person or thing receiving the action of the verb

declensions 1 st sing. nominative subject genitive possession dative indir. object accusative dir. object ablative obj. of prep. 2 nd plural sing. 3 rd plural sing. plural

Activity 2: Find and copy seven different nouns (pronoun) that serve as direct objects in the story on p. 19. __________________ __________________

Activity 3: Write S next to the forms that could serve as subjects and DO next to the forms that could serve as direct objects. 1. puellam ______ 7. virum _______ 13. Corneliam _______ 2. Marcus _______ 8. ramus _______ 14. arborem _______ 3. fragorem _______ 9. vocem _______ 15. Sextus _______ 4. puer _______ 10. amicam _______ 16. Cornelia _______ 5. Sextum _______ 11. vir _______ 17. ramus _______ 6. puerum _______ 12. Davus _______

Activity 4: Identify subjects (S), direct objects (DO), and verbs (V) above each word. Find one linking verb (LV). Then translate the sentence. 1. Sextus Davum saepe vexat; Davus Sextum non amat. 2. Puellae Marcum et servum conspiciunt. 3. Magna vox puellam terret.

4. Sextus magnam arborem ascendit. 5. Pueri fragorem audiunt et in hortum currunt. 6. Davus, qui fragorem audit, est iratus.