Chapter 4 Section 4 2 Terrestrial and Aquatic

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Chapter 4 Section 4. 2 Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Chapter 4 Section 4. 2 Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Biomes • Biome – is a large geographical region with a specific range of

Biomes • Biome – is a large geographical region with a specific range of temperatures and precipitation, and the organisms are adapted to those conditions of temperature and precipitation. • There are two major types of biomes: 1. Terrestrial 2. Aquatic

Terrestrial Biomes in Canada • There are 4 terrestrial biomes in Canada: 1. 2.

Terrestrial Biomes in Canada • There are 4 terrestrial biomes in Canada: 1. 2. 3. 4. Tundra Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Grasslands

Terrestrial Biomes in Alberta • There are 3 terrestrial biomes in Alberta: 1. Taiga

Terrestrial Biomes in Alberta • There are 3 terrestrial biomes in Alberta: 1. Taiga 2. Grasslands 3. Temperate deciduous forest

Taiga (Boreal Forest) Biome • Found in Northern Alberta and along the Rocky Mountains.

Taiga (Boreal Forest) Biome • Found in Northern Alberta and along the Rocky Mountains. • Abiotic factors: - Changeable weather - Soil contains some water and is acidic - Average precipitation

 • Biotic factors : - black and grizzly bears - wolverines - weasels

• Biotic factors : - black and grizzly bears - wolverines - weasels - moose - deer - grouse - owls - spruce and pine (coniferous or cone-bearing) - shrubs, ferns, mosses and lichens

 • There are different ecosystems within the taiga depending on the amount of

• There are different ecosystems within the taiga depending on the amount of sunlight. • One of these ecosystems is in the muskeg. • Muskegs: - muskeg is the thin layer of soil above the permafrost that is swampy and boggy - in the summer when snow melts, the permafrost prevents the water from moving all the way to the water table, so it remains in the top layers, saturating them - muskegs are home to moss, lichens, small shrubs and tall grasses

Boreal Forest Muskeg

Boreal Forest Muskeg

Grassland Biome • Found in central and southern Alberta. • Abiotic factors: - Fertile

Grassland Biome • Found in central and southern Alberta. • Abiotic factors: - Fertile soils Warm temperatures Rapid decay Rich humus layers Less precipitation

 • Biotic factors: - Bison Deer Rabbits Hawks Yellow-bellied sapsuckers Grasshoppers Fescue grasses

• Biotic factors: - Bison Deer Rabbits Hawks Yellow-bellied sapsuckers Grasshoppers Fescue grasses

Grasslands

Grasslands

Deciduous Forest Biome • Found in central Alberta. • Abiotic factors: - Increased sunlight

Deciduous Forest Biome • Found in central Alberta. • Abiotic factors: - Increased sunlight and warmer temperatures - Rich fertile soil - More precipitation

 • Biotic Factors: - Black bears Weasels Moose Deer Woodpeckers Deciduous trees (leaves)

• Biotic Factors: - Black bears Weasels Moose Deer Woodpeckers Deciduous trees (leaves) Shrubs

Deciduous Forest

Deciduous Forest

Aquatic Biomes in Canada • There are 2 aquatic biomes in Canada: 1. Salt

Aquatic Biomes in Canada • There are 2 aquatic biomes in Canada: 1. Salt Water 2. Fresh Water

Salt Water Fresh Water

Salt Water Fresh Water

Aquatic Biomes in Alberta • There is 1 aquatic biome in Alberta: 1. Fresh

Aquatic Biomes in Alberta • There is 1 aquatic biome in Alberta: 1. Fresh water or lake ecosystem

Fresh Water Biomes • • The fresh water biomes in Alberta are made up

Fresh Water Biomes • • The fresh water biomes in Alberta are made up of lake ecosystems. Lake ecosystems have 3 main zones: 1. Littoral zone 2. Limnetic zone 3. Profundal zone

Littoral Zones • The area from the shore of the lake or pond to

Littoral Zones • The area from the shore of the lake or pond to the point where no more plants grow in the lake bottom. • It is warm, shallow and has lots of oxygen. • It has many photosynthetic organisms and is the most productive zone.

Limnetic Zones • The area of a lake or pond in which there is

Limnetic Zones • The area of a lake or pond in which there is open water and sufficient light for photosynthesis to occur. • There a few photosynthetic organism. • Contains consumers such as fish, tadpoles, and birds.

Profundal Zones • The region of a lake beneath the limnetic zone, in which

Profundal Zones • The region of a lake beneath the limnetic zone, in which there is insufficient light for photosynthesis to occur. • It has cool temperatures and is very dark. • There are few nutrients, low oxygen due to no photosynthesis and a high number of bacteria. • It contains low oxygen organisms such as carp.

LITTORAL ZONE

LITTORAL ZONE