CHAPTER 4 Moche Mochica 100 800 c e

Sacrifice Ceremony, Moche, 2 nd – 9 th century • • Warrior Priest -

Panamarca Mural E, Moche, 600 -900 c. e. , Nepena Valley, Peru • Adobe

Huaca Del Sol, Moche, Valley de Moche, Peru, 2 nd – 9 th century

Incised makers marks, Huaca Del Sol • • Group Markings – Groups of brick

Tomb of Lord Sipan, Moche, 100 - 800 c. e. • Tomb of Sipan

Moche Jewelry (Forehead, Nose & Body Ornament)

Moche Decapitator • • Warrior Symbol Human, fish, feline, spider, fish, scorpion Land, air,

Moche Peanut Necklace • Gold/Silver • Duality • Peanut: Death, afterlife (underground) • 3

Huaca Cao Viejo, Moche Valley, Peru, 100 - 800 c. e. • • •

Moche Royal Ceramic Vessels • Fewer textiles • Thousands of pots • 2 -piece

Moche Ceramic Portraits • Moche style • Chicama, Moche and Viru Valley • Individuality

Chapter 5: TIWANAKU AND WARI Akapana Pyramid, Tiwanaku, 300 b. c. e. - 1000

Akapana Pyramid, Tiwanaku • Stone Types – Random range – Regular course ashlar –

Sungate, Tiwanaku • Interior Courtyard • Series of Doors • Textile Covering • Solid

Sun Gate, Tiwanaku • Portal God / Puma Shaman – Female – Birdhead Arrows

Wari Culture, 500 - 1000 c. e. • Huari (Capital) • Architecture –Geometric •

Wari Tapestry • Tapestry (pile) – – Tunics 6 -9 m. thread Puma &

Chapter 7: Inca Empire Walls of Fortress of Machu Picchu, Urubamba Valley, Peru, 1490

Sacsahuaman, Cuzco • • Carved stone Puzzle pieces Up to 100 tons Tripod lift

Machu Picchu / Huayna Pichu, Peru, 1500 • • • Found 1911 Manly Peak

Brazil/Amazon Pottery, 400 - 1350 c. e. • Marajo island • Ananatubas (oldest potters)

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CHAPTER 4 Moche (Mochica) • • • 100 - 800 c. e. Site, River Valley, Culture, Style and State Piura Valley (n) - Huarmey Valley (s) Warfare, sacrifice, royal portraits Pottery – Elite: Stirrup & Flaring bowls – Commoner: Neck and Neckless pottery • • • , textiles, murals, mounds Naturalism Earthly and Spiritual realms

Sacrifice Ceremony, Moche, 2 nd – 9 th century • • Warrior Priest - Conical helmet, Crescent headdress Spotted Dog Goblet Guarea (Ulluchu) fruit Captive Fox, bird and feline warriors Litter: Special platform for elite

Panamarca Mural E, Moche, 600 -900 c. e. , Nepena Valley, Peru • Adobe Temples • Sacrifice Ceremony • Priestess and attendants

Huaca Del Sol, Moche, Valley de Moche, Peru, 2 nd – 9 th century • “Pyramid of the Sun” • North, Coastal • 165’ • Adobe • Naturalistic • 4 Levels • Ramps • Roof top structures • Murals

Huaca Del Sol, Relief Sculpture

Incised makers marks, Huaca Del Sol • • Group Markings – Groups of brick masons – 100+ communities – Hands, feet, dots, crosses – Accounting tools – Taxes 143 million bricks

Tomb of Lord Sipan, Moche, 100 - 800 c. e. • Tomb of Sipan • Received goblet of Blood • 451 pieces – gold, silver, turquoise, spondylus shell, cloth • Pottery

Moche Jewelry (Ear Ornaments)

Moche Jewelry (Forehead, Nose & Body Ornament)

Moche Decapitator • • Warrior Symbol Human, fish, feline, spider, fish, scorpion Land, air, water Knife and head

Moche Peanut Necklace • Gold/Silver • Duality • Peanut: Death, afterlife (underground) • 3 - 4” beads • Ukhu

Huaca Cao Viejo, Moche Valley, Peru, 100 - 800 c. e. • • • Female Hierarchy La Senora de Cao Priestess “Masculine” symbols Arm tattoos: snakes/spiders

Huaca Cao Viejo (El Brujo) Murals

Moche Royal Ceramic Vessels • Fewer textiles • Thousands of pots • 2 -piece press mold –Clay pressed into mold –Uniformity • Slip –Red, white • Scorched black pigment • Stirrup vessel most popular • Functional • Sites: –Galindo –Cerro Mayal • High Heat • Orange • Women (Valdivia)

Moche Ceramic Portraits • Moche style • Chicama, Moche and Viru Valley • Individuality • Cut Lip – 45 portraits • Political decline disappears

Moche Portrait Vessel

Moche Spiritual Vessel

Moche Commoner Vessels

Chapter 5: TIWANAKU AND WARI Akapana Pyramid, Tiwanaku, 300 b. c. e. - 1000 c. e. • Interconnected Empires (500 m. apart) • Lake Titicaca (W. Bolivia) • Moquegua Valley/ Atacama Desert • Early Andean influence? • Tiwanaku Architecture • Akapana • Organic • 30, 000 - 70, 000 • Dry/wet site • Adobe or sod • Taypikhala: stone in the center • Lake Titicaca –Inca • Chakana, San Pedro Cactus • Llamas, pumas, condors • Textiles

Akapana Pyramid, Tiwanaku • Stone Types – Random range – Regular course ashlar – Flat faces – Metal casts

Bennett and Ponce Stele, Tiwanaku

Sungate, Tiwanaku • Interior Courtyard • Series of Doors • Textile Covering • Solid Stone • Double Jambed door • Cosmic Portal Tiwanaku Sungate Calendar Animation

Sun Gate, Tiwanaku • Portal God / Puma Shaman – Female – Birdhead Arrows & Spearthrower • Feathered headdress (condor, San Pedro Cactus) • Bird and Human Head Attendants

Wari Culture, 500 - 1000 c. e. • Huari (Capital) • Architecture –Geometric • Textiles –Stepped diamonds, triangles –Cotton –Tie dyed –Mantles, tunics –Multiple colors

Wari Tapestry • Tapestry (pile) – – Tunics 6 -9 m. thread Puma & Condor Abstract

Wari Textiles

Chapter 7: Inca Empire Walls of Fortress of Machu Picchu, Urubamba Valley, Peru, 1490 • Southern Peru • Tawantinsuyo – Land of the Four Quarters • 1300 ce • Lake Titicaca, Tiahuanaco • Conquered Andes region • Ecuador - Chile • Cuzco Capital • Urban complex • Class system • Inca - King (Sapa) • Quipus - knotted cords, record keeping • Viracocha - creator / sea foam • Parcarinas - places of emergence • Inta: sun • Quilla: moon • Power of stone • Humans from stone • Mummies for gods

Inca cloth, 1500

Sacsahuaman, Cuzco • • Carved stone Puzzle pieces Up to 100 tons Tripod lift or rolled

Machu Picchu / Huayna Pichu, Peru, 1500 • • • Found 1911 Manly Peak & Little Peak Temple of the sun, Royal Palace, barracks, workers quarters, storehouse, baths Hide away City 50 miles away Ashlar Masonry

Ashlar Masonry

Temple of the Sun, Machu Picchu

Intihuatana stone

Brazil/Amazon Pottery, 400 - 1350 c. e. • Marajo island • Ananatubas (oldest potters) • 15 finishing techniques – Washes, incising, polychrome, etc. • Funerary purposes • Urn