Chapter 4 Lecture Outline Tissues Copyright The Mc

Chapter 4 Lecture Outline Tissues Copyright © The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Outline v Organs and Tissues v Meristematic Tissues • Apical Meristems • Lateral Meristems • Intercalary Meristems v Tissues Produced by Meristems • Simple Tissues • Complex Tissues

I. Organs and Tissues v Plant Organs: • Organ = 1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ • Tissue = – Classification

II. (1) Meristematic Tissue A. Apical Meristems v Meristems: v Apical Meristems • = • Location • Primary Growth = Leaf

B. Lateral Meristems v Lateral Meristems = • Secondary Growth = _____ v TWO TYPES Cork Cambium • Vascular Cambium : – Vascular Tissue – Location: • Cork Cambium : Vascular Cambium CROSS-SECTION OF TREE TRUNK

III. Mature Tissues & Cells A. (2) Simple Tissues = TYPES v Parenchyma T. • Parenchyma cells: – Structure: – alive – Function: – location Parenchyma cells

• Chlorenchyma Cells: • • Function Structure/Shape Leaf cr – Transfer cells – increased surface area of membrane o Nectaries of flowers:

v Collenchyma tissue • Collenchyma cells: – Cell walls: – Function: – “C” for ____ Collenchyma cells

v Sclerenchyma tissue • Characteristics of cells: – Cell Walls: – Function: Sclereids – CELL TYPES: o Sclereids - Stone Cells o Fibers - Shape & Structure: - Location: Fibers in cross section and longitudinal section

Fibers in cross section and longitudinal section

B. (3) Complex Tissues: v Vessels elements Vascular tissues: TISSUE SUB-TYPES – Xylem – FUNCTION: Cell Types: – • Vessels – Vessel elements: o Structure: o Dead o Cell Walls: o Angiosperms only Spiral thickenings on vessel walls

Vessel Elements in Cross-Section Vessel Elements

Xylem Cell Types … • Tracheids – Structure: – Cell Wall: o Pits: Cross-Section of Tracheids • Rays - Function in lateral conduction and food storage Xylem Ray

v Vascular Tissue … v Phloem – Function: Cell Types: • Sieve Tube Members: - Cell Walls: – - Sieve Plates Nucleus? Sieve Tubes • Companion cells – Function: Phloem • Structure: Cross-Section of Phloem

Complex Tissues … v Epidermis • Location & Function • Cuticle: o Cutin: Wax o Functions: Leaf cross section

Epidermis Tissue … CELL TYPES • Epidermal • Guard Cells: – Stomata: o Function: • Root Hair Cells: o Root Hairs o Function: Stomata & Guard Cells Epidermis of Root w/ Hairs

Complex Tissues … v Periderm – in woody plants only • Outer bark Cell Types: • Cork Cells – – Dead Suberin: o Function: Parencyma cells o – Lenticels - Periderm with lenticel

v Secretory Cells and Tissue • Function – Flower nectar – Citrus oils – Latex – Resins

Review v Organs and Tissues v Meristematic Tissues • Apical Meristems • Lateral Meristems • Intercalary Meristems v Tissues Produced by Meristems • Simple Tissues • Complex Tissues