Chapter 4 Hardware Software and Mobile Systems Study

Chapter 4 Hardware, Software, and Mobile Systems

Study Questions Q 1: What do business professionals need to know about computer hardware? Q 2: What do business professionals need to know about software? Q 3: Is open source software a viable alternative? Q 4: What are the differences between native and thin-client applications? Q 5: Why are mobile systems increasingly important? Q 6: What characterizes quality mobile user experiences? Q 7: What are the challenges of personal mobile devices at work? Q 8: 2023? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -2

Q 1: What Do Business Professionals Need to Know About Computer Hardware? Copyright ©

Server farm Large collection of coordinated servers Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing

Computer Data Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -5

Important Storage-Capacity Terminology Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4

Memory Swapping • When RAM too small to hold all open programs and data • CPU loads program segments into free memory – If none available, O/S swaps out existing segment, to a disk and copies requested segment to freed space • Swapping slows down computer Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -7

Specifying Hardware with Computer Data Sizes • CPU speed expressed in hertz • Slow = 1. 5 GHz; Fast = 3+ GHz – 32 -bit or 64 -bit – 64 -bit for 4+ GB memory Ø Processing large spreadsheets, database files, picture, sound, or movie files; using many large applications at same time • Cache and main memory are volatile Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -8

Q 2: What Do Business Professionals Need to Know About Software? Basic Categories of

What Are the Major Operating Systems? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as

What Are the Major Operating Systems? (cont'd) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing

Windows 8 Metro Interface Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Virtualization • Host operating system – Runs one or more operating systems as applications • PC virtualization – Personal computer hosts several different operating systems • Server virtualization – Server computer hosts other server computers – Makes cloud computing feasible • Virtual desktop – Allows access from any computer a user has authorization to use Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -13

Virtualization: Windows Server Computer Hosting Two Virtual Machines Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

How Virtual Machine VM 3 Appears to a User Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education,

Own Versus License – Right to use specified number of copies – Limits vendor’s liability Site License – Flat fee to install software product on all company computers or all computers at a specific site Open source software – Free usage license Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -16

What Types of Applications Exist, and How Do Organizations Obtain Them? Copyright © 2014

What Is Firmware? Computer software installed on read-only memory • Printers, print servers, communication devices • Coded like other software • Can be changed and upgraded Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -18

Using MIS In. Class 4: Place Your Bets Now! • Three-way race for market share – Apple, Google, Microsoft • Merging software, hardware, personal communication devices, movies, etc. • All have deep technical staff, knowledge, patents, and plenty of money • Who will win? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -19

Three-way Comparison Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -20

Q 3: Is Open Source Software a Viable Alternative? GNL — General Public License • Standard for open source software • Successful open source projects – – – – Open Office Firefox My. SQL Apache Ubuntu Android Cassandra Hadoop Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -21

Some Terms • Open source – source available to public • Source code – computer code written by humans and understandable by humans • Machine code Ø 11010010111111001111001000111. . • Closed source code – highly protected and only available to trusted employees and carefully vetted contractors Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -22

Why Do Programmers Volunteer Their Services? • It’s fun • Freedom to choose projects • Exercise creativity on interesting and fulfilling projects • Exhibit one’s skill to get a job • Start a business selling services Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -23

How Does Open Source Work? • Collaboration of many programmers • Examines source code and identifies a need, creates new feature or redesigns existing feature, or fixes a problem • Code evaluated and extended by others • Iteration, peer reviews and well-managed project yield high-quality code Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -24

Source Code Sample Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4

Is Open Source Viable? • Depends on requirements and constraints of situation • “Free” open source software require support and operational costs, could cost more than licensing fee • Future will involve blend of both proprietary and open source software Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -26

Q 4: What Are the Differences Between Native and Thin-client Applications? Copyright © 2014

Developing Thin-client Applications • Browser handles idiosyncrasies of operating system and underlying hardware • Applications written by professional programmers, technically oriented web developers, or business professionals • Cheaper to develop • Limited by capabilities of the browser • Thin-client applications via Web go to www. picozu. com/editor Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -28

One Consequence of Browser Differences for Thin-Client Applications Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Which Is Better? • Depends: – Strategy, goals, application requirements, budget, schedule, tolerance for managing technical projects, need for application revenue, etc. – Thin-client applications cheaper to develop and maintain, but may lack wow factor Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -30

Ethics Guide: “Because It’s Where the Money Is. . . ” • Hackers target where money is • Windows targeted more than Mac • Malware: Viruses, Trojan horses, Spyware, Adware • Apple better get ready for avalanche of attacks. Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 4 -31

Q 5: Why Are Mobile Systems Increasingly Important? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

Elements of a Mobile Information System Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as

Q 6: What Characterizes Quality Mobile User Experiences? Primary characteristics of quality mobile applications

Chrome-less Mobile Windows Store Application Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice

Example of Application Scaling • Example of IE 10 Charm Scaling Copyright © 2014

Example Use of Web Page Data Declared as Shared Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education,

Mobile Systems Cloud Use Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Kindle Fire Roaming Message Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Q 7: What Are the Challenges of Personal Mobile Devices at Work? Copyright ©

Six Common BYOD Policies Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Advantages of Example BYOD Policies Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice

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