Chapter 4 Federalism Arizona Governor Doug Ducey What

Chapter 4: Federalism Arizona Governor Doug Ducey

What is Federalism? How we divide power between the national & state governments

Federalism _______ The division of power between the States and the National Government. (10 th amendment) The states and the national government are like partners in governing. The National Government has the “supreme power”- (Supremacy Clause)

Why do we use a Federalist System? Dividing the powers of government can limit federal control… Fear of a strong national government carried over from the colonial relationship with England its King and Parliament.

Federalism

Federalism

Enumerated/Delegated Concurrent Reserved Powers

Federalism Powers given only to the national government are called: Enumerated/Delegated ________ powers. Examples: Declaring _____, war Printing ______ money

Federalism Powers given to the states are called: Reserved powers. ______ gambling _____, driving marriage Examples: _____, _____ laws.

Legal Driving Age by State

Federalism Powers given to both the national and state concurrent powers. governments are called ______ criminals Example: _____, taxation punishing _____

Federalism National Government: Enumerated Powers National & State: Concurrent State Governments: Reserved Powers

Enumerated(ED), Reserved(R), or Concurrent(C)? ___Setting up courts and prisons. ___Marriage and divorce laws. ___Set up schools. ___Maintaining an army and navy ___Creating a controlling a postal system ___Building roads/highways. ___Printing Money ___Collecting Taxes ___Immigration

Advantages of Federalism Go v Du. cy Pres. Obama Allows local action in matters of local concern Here are some examples…

Differences Between States (just read) In Oregon and New Jersey, it is illegal to pump your own gas In Nevada, it is illegal to ride a camel on state highways In Texas, criminals are required to inform their victims of the crime to be committed 24 hours in advance, either verbally or in writing

Differences Between States (just read) In Massachusetts, it is illegal to go to bed without taking a full bath In Ohio, it is illegal to get fish drunk In California, it is illegal for a car without a driver to exceed 60 miles per hour

Divisions of Power There are 3 kinds of power for the national government 1. Expressed – written directly in the Constitution (declare war, tax, etc. ) 2. Implied – reasonably assumed from the expressed powers (aka: Necessary and Proper Clause/Elastic Clause) 3. Inherent – never mentioned in the Constitution, but always used by national governments. These are powers that over time all national governments possess. Examples: To acquire land, recognition of other countries

Article IV: Relations among the States The Nation’s Obligations to the States The national government is Constitutionally required to guarantee: n Republican form of government – basically means a representative government (Article IV. S. 4)

The Nation’s Obligations to the States Protection from Invasion and Internal Disorder (Article 4 Section 4) n Respect for Territorial Integrity – it must legally acknowledge the existence and boundaries of the states. Georgia vs. Tennessee n

The Nation’s Obligations to the States Congress has the power to admit new states into the U. S. (Article IV Sect. 3) No new states may be formed from within a state or the union of states without the consent of the state(s) legislature and the U. S Congress gets to set rules for what states must do to get admitted For example:

Utah Congress required Utah to ban polygamy (having more than one spouse) before being admitted

Arizona had a rule that allowed people to remove judges by voting – judicial recall Arizona repeal the law before becoming a state (Happy 103 th!) But, we’re tricky here in AZ…

Arizona repealed the law as the U. S. requested, and became a state Our first official act of statehood – n A constitutional amendment to add judicial recall

Full Faith and Credit The “Full Faith and Credit” Clause (Article IV Section 1) States must legally recognize each others’ public acts, records, and judicial proceedings

Exceptions to Full Faith and Credit only applies to Civil cases, not criminal cases! n States cannot punish someone on behalf of another state States do not have to recognize each others’ divorces if the people were not true residents of the state granting the divorce

Other Requirement Extradition – a fugitive flees a state must be returned to the state where he committed the crime (Article IV Section 2)

Privileges and Immunities Clause (Article IV Sect. 2) States cannot draw unreasonable distinctions between their residents and citizens from other states Exceptions: Tuition rates, hunting & fishing licenses, residency for public office…

Bureaucracy State & Federal gov’ts are operated by thousands of civil servants known collectively as bureaucracy n n Departments Agencies Regulatory agencies Commissions

Bureaucracy Valuable Layers or Duplication? Waste or Production?

Bureaucracy or Waste ?

Bureaucracy…Red Tape

YOUR TAX $$$ @ Work !!!

Sunset Laws a law providing for automatic termination of a program, agency, etc. , at the end of a specified time Sunshine Laws • a law requiring official meetings and records open to the public.

Cooperative Federalism Sometimes, the state and national governments fight over power There also ways that they help each other

Federal Grants Grant – $$$ from the federal government given to the states n This money helps the states run programs like education and welfare n The federal government sets conditions for receiving the grant, which gives it more influence over the state

Types of Grants Categorical Grant – money for a specific, defined purpose Block Grant – money for a broad purpose, few strings attached

Project Grant – money for programs like research or job training, could be given to universities or private businesses

Help for the States FBI, ATF, U. S. Marshals, & Justice Dept. help state & local police Fight crime, catch fugitives Move prisoners Prosecute with lawyers

Help for the States Army helps National Guard Census Bureau’s data is free research for the states

Dramatization Yo, Texas duuuude!

Dramatization Some guy killed director Michael Moore, and he crossed into your border.

Dramatization Can you send him back over, Duuuude?

Dramatization No. You’re a fruit cake, Cali.

Dramatization And I hate that lefty swine…

Dramatization. No, Texas! You gotta extradite him!