Chapter 4 Ecosystems Components Energy Flow Matter Cycling

Chapter 4 Ecosystems: Components, Energy Flow, & Matter Cycling © Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP

Test 1 Chapter Outline 1. Ecosystem Concepts • Components and organization of Ecology 2. Food Webs & Energy Flow • autotrophs, heterotrophs, productivity, efficiency Test 2 3. Nutrient Cycles • water, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus 4. Ecosystem Services • importance of ecosystems © Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP

Ecosystem Concepts Ecology: study of relationships between organisms & their environment biosphere ecosystem community Realm of ecology population organism © Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP

Organism • organism: any form of life • classified into species • species: groups of organisms that resemble each other and can potentially interbreed • There are estimated to be 3. 6 - 100 million species • Only about 1. 8 million species named © Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP

Fun Species Names Aha ha – an Australian wasp

Fun Species Names Golden. Palace. com monkey

Fun Species Names Pieza kake fly

Population • Population: a group of interacting individuals of the same species Examples: • school of fish • white oak trees in a forest • people in a city © Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP

Communities • Communities: populations of all species living together in a given area • Example: • Redwood forest community: • populations of redwood • populations of other trees • populations of animals • populations of microorganisms

Ecosystem • Ecosystem: a community of different species interacting with one another & with their non–living environment • Examples: • a patch of woods • a lake or pond • a farm field • your mouth © Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP