Chapter 4 Cell Theory and Cell Study The

A. The Cell Theory a. All organisms are ________________. Organisms can be either ______,

B. Exceptions to the cell theory 1. _________ Scientists debate whether to consider them

C. History of the Cell Theory - Discovery of the ________ allows scientists to

1. __________ English scientist in 1665 looked at ____ under the microscope what he

2. _____________ Dutch Scientist in 1674 discovered _________ in pond water also looked at

3. ________ English scientist in 1833 discovers and names the _______

4. __________ German scientist in 1838 “all _______ were composed of cells. ” 5.

6. _________ French scientist 1824 – 1830 “the cell is the ___________________” discovers the

D. Equipment 1. Parts of the Compound Light Microscope a. ______ b. __________ c.

4. Measuring with the Microscope a. _____ measure a cell with a _____ –

5. Other Types of Microscopes a. ______ - 1 lens = magnifying lens b.

6. ________ Centrifuges separate materials based on density by spinning very rapidly 7. _________

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Chapter 4: Cell Theory and Cell Study The origins of understanding the cell

A. The Cell Theory a. All organisms are ________________. Organisms can be either ______, or _________ b. The cell is the _________________ of organisms. _________ happens within a cell all cells carry on similar _____________ c. Cells come from ______________. Belief that life started as __________ Cells ______ over millions of years to become all the different forms of _______.

B. Exceptions to the cell theory 1. _________ Scientists debate whether to consider them ______ Viruses are _____ made of ______ but they can ______ and carry out _______ inside a host cell 2. Where did the 1 st cells come from? Theory of ________________________ – 1953 Prove Spontaneous Generation Simulated _______ to find that _____________ could be spontaneously formed from ______________

C. History of the Cell Theory - Discovery of the ________ allows scientists to first view cells. Before the discovery of cells people believe diseases caused by __________. Cell Size and Scale

1. __________ English scientist in 1665 looked at ____ under the microscope what he saw he called ______ he really saw the __________.

2. _____________ Dutch Scientist in 1674 discovered _________ in pond water also looked at ______, sperm, and other human cells but did nothing with it through high power simple microscopes.

3. ________ English scientist in 1833 discovers and names the _______

4. __________ German scientist in 1838 “all _______ were composed of cells. ” 5. __________ German scientist in 1839 “all _______ were composed of cells. ” Schleiden and Schwann are credited with publishing the _______

6. _________ French scientist 1824 – 1830 “the cell is the ___________________” discovers the process of _____ 7. ___________ German scientist in 1858 “cells come from ________”

D. Equipment 1. Parts of the Compound Light Microscope a. ______ b. __________ c. ________ d. _________ e. _________ f. Mirror / Illuminator, Body, Stage, Base 2. ________________________________ 3. ________ Resolution is the ability to _______ between 2 different items

4. Measuring with the Microscope a. _____ measure a cell with a _____ – not accurate b. Use units called _____ (um) 1 mm = 1000 um 1 mm How big is this one cell? How many cells fit across? Measure field of view Field of view = 1. 1 mm 1. 1 mm = 1100 um Roughly – 10 You have to estimate the best you can 1100 um Divide the distance by your estimation of cells 1100 um / 10 cells = 110 um / cell

5. Other Types of Microscopes a. ______ - 1 lens = magnifying lens b. _______ - use both eyes, 3 D image, used for micro-dissections c. ___________ – extremely high magnification (100, 000 x) and resolution

6. ________ Centrifuges separate materials based on density by spinning very rapidly 7. _________ Tissue culture is the growth of cells in the lab