CHAPTER 38 Africa the Middle East and Asia

CHAPTER 38 Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence World Civilization: The Global Experience Fifth Edition Stearns/Adas/Schwartz/Gilbert Copyright 2007, Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Longman

Chapter 38: Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence I. The Challenges of Independence II. Paths to Economic Growth and Social Justice Stearns et al. , World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5 th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 38: Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence The Colonial Divisions of Africa and the Emergence of New Nations Stearns et al. , World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5 th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 38: Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence The Partition of South Asia: The Formation of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka Stearns et al. , World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5 th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 38: Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence I. The Challenges of Independence A. The Population Bomb New World foods Population control difficultural factors high mortality rates B. Parasitic Cities and Endangered Ecosystems Towns slums become permanent towns parasitic Stearns et al. , World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5 th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 38: Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence I. The Challenges of Independence C. Women's Subordination and the Nature of Feminist Struggles in the Postcolonial Era Some rulers Indira Gandhi Corazon Aquino Benazir Bhutto D. Neocolonialism, Cold War Rivalries, and Stunted Development Industrial development little success Cash crops, minerals dependent on prices Stearns et al. , World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5 th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 38: Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence II. Paths to Economic Growth and Social Justice A. Charismatic Populists and One-Party Rule Kwame Nkrumah, Ghana Soviet support cocoa, cash crop deposed, 1966 The New West African Nations Stearns et al. , World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5 th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 38: Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence II. Paths to Economic Growth and Social Justice B. Military Responses: Dictatorships and Revolutions Muslim Brotherhood Hasan al-Banna Free Officers, 1930 s nationalistic Gamal Abdul Nasser allied with Muslim Brotherhood Nasser land redistribution free education food staples regulated forced British from Canal zone Israel Six-Day War, 1967 Anwar Sadat negotiations with Israel Hosni Mubarak The Middle East in the Cold War Era Stearns et al. , World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5 th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 38: Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence II. Paths to Economic Growth and Social Justice C. The Indian Alternative: Development for Some of the People Indian National Congress social reform economic development democracy civil rights Jawaharlal Nehru Green Revolution private investment Stearns et al. , World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5 th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 38: Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence II. Paths to Economic Growth and Social Justice D. Iran: Religious Revivalism and the Rejection of the West Pahlavi shahs modernization alienates religious leaders overthrown by Khomeini, 1978 Ayatollah Khomeini similar to Mahdi Radical reform Sharia law opposition suppressed women more restricted War with Iraq 1988, peace Stearns et al. , World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5 th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 38: Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence II. Paths to Economic Growth and Social Justice E. South Africa: The Apartheid State and Its Demise Nationalist Party Afrikaner 1948 elections Afrikaner rule Independence, 1960 Apartheid complete separation African National Congress outlawed Walter Sisulu, Nelson Mandela, Steve Biko Opposition, 1960 s Economic, political pressure, 1980 s F. W. De. Klerk Mandela freed, 1990 Elections, 1994 Mandela president Stearns et al. , World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5 th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 38: Africa, the Middle East, and Asia in the Era of Independence II. Paths to Economic Growth and Social Justice F. Comparisons of Emerging Nations Patterns some reflect traditions depends on continuity of native culture Stearns et al. , World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5 th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007