Chapter 37 Review Passive Verbs The subject receives

Chapter 37

Review Passive Verbs The subject receives the action of the verb. active The man builds a house. passive A house is built by the man.

Many sentences using the passive voice require the ablative of agent. The ablative case is used after the preposition a, ab which is translated by. Puer a patre amatur. The boy is loved by his father.

How can you tell the difference between the ablative of agent, ablative of manner and ablative of means? Study the examples below: Urbs telis muniebatur. The city was fortified with weapons. ablative of means – no preposition Urbs a militibus muniebatur. The city was fortified by soldiers. ablative of agent – preposition a Urbs magnā cum diligentiā muniebatur. The city was fortified with great diligence. ablative of manner – preposition cum

Activity 1: Conjugate the following regular verbs in the passive voice in the tense indicated. Latin singular English singular 1 st: 2 nd: 3 rd: Latin plural English plural

Deponent Verbs Look at these sentences. Praedones eum consecuti sunt. The robbers overtook him. Semper loqueris. You are always talking. Brundisio proficiscetur. He will set out from Brundisium.

In each of the above examples, the Latin verb in boldface has a passive ending but its meaning is active. Verbs that behave in this way are called deponent verbs. 1. 2. 3. Deponent verbs are always active in meaning and passive in form. Deponent verbs occur in all four conjugations. Deponent verbs only have three principal parts.

Conjugations: 1 st: conor, conāri, conatus sum, to try moror, morari, moratus sum, to delay, remain, stay 2 nd: vereor, verēri, veritus sum, to be afraid, fear 3 rd: collabor, collabi, collapsus sum, to collapse consequor, consequi, consecutus sum, to catch up, overtake loquor, loqui, locutus sum, to speak, talk proficiscor, proficisci, profectus sum, to set out, leave sequor, sequi, secutus sum, to follow (-io) egredior, egredi, egressus sum, to go out, leave ingredior, ingredi, ingressus sum, to go in, enter regredior, regredi, regressus sum, to go back, return 4 th: experior, experīri, expertus sum, to test, try

Perfect participles: regular verbs: Itaque coquus vocatus ab omnibus laudatus est. deponent verbs: Therefore the cook, having been summoned, was praised by everyone. Pueri in vias urbis egressi mox ludo appropinquabant. They boys, having gone out into the streets of the city, soon were approaching the school.

Activity 2: Conjugate the following deponent verbs in the tense indicated. Latin singular 1 st: 2 nd: 3 rd: English singular Latin plural English plural

Activity 3: Translate into English 1. proficiscuntur 6. egrederis 2. experiemini 7. 3. secuti eramus 8. sequor 4. moratae sunt 9. collabi 5. verebimur 10. consequebatur

Activity 4: Translate the following sentences. 1. Quid puellae facere conantur? Puellae pallam facere conantur. Quid tu facere conaris? Ego laborāre conor. Quid vos facere conamini? Nos dormire conamur.

2. Quando nos visitāre conaberis? Ego mox vos visitāre conabor. Amici mei quoque vos vistāre conabuntur. Nos omnes eodem die vos visitāre conabimur. 3. Quis loquitur? Ego non loquebar. Nos cum magistro loquebamur.

4. Quo pueri proficiscuntur? Romam proficiscuntur. Nos cum eis proficiscemur. Nonne vos quoque proficisci vultis? 5. Quando pueri e ludo egredientur? Pueri e ludo egredientur sexta hora. Egredieturne cum pueris magister? Mimime vero! Magister in ludo morabitur.

6. Quando tu proficscēris? Ubi mater domum regressa erit, ego proficiscar. Puer prima luce proficiscetur. Servi nunc proficisci non possunt. Mox sequentur. 7. Paulisper in urbe morati sumus. Cur morati estis? Ego moratus sum quod patrem vidēre volebam. Amici mei morati sunt quod aedifica urbis vidēre volebant.

8. Prima luce servi Cornelii in vias egressi sunt. Illos praedones scelestos sequi conati sunt sed eos consequi non potuerunt. 9. Noli in lecto diutius morāri, Sexte. Conāre illos versus Vergilii memoriā tenēre. Fortasse a grammatico hodie laudaberis si non nimis loquēris.