Chapter 35 Chapter ThirtyFive Apostrophe English Skills 10

Chapter 35 Chapter Thirty-Five Apostrophe English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Apostrophe There are two different uses of the apostrophe: • Use the apostrophe with a contraction, a shortened form of a word. • Use the apostrophe to show ownership or possession. A cowboy’s outfit can’t help but stand out in a crowd. English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Contractions • When two words are combined to make one word, an apostrophe is used to show where letters have been omitted. This is called a contraction. Contractions are reserved for informal occasions. I + have = I’ve did + not = didn’t let + us = let’s English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Contractions Note: The word it’s has two meanings. It is OR It has English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e It`s too late to watch a movie. (It is too late. ) It`s been years since cowboy movies were popular. (It has been years. ) © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Understanding Contractions • You MUST put the apostrophe where the letters are missing. INCORRECT: – Cowboys do’nt ride on the same type of saddles as your cousin does. Correct: – Cowboys don’t ride on the same type of saddles as your cousin does. The apostrophe shows the “o” has been left out. English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Using the Apostrophe with Numbers can be omitted. In the ’ 50 s, cowboy movies were very popular. ( The apostrophe shows that the “ 19” was left out. ) English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Special Situations with Numbers • Apostrophes are sometimes used to form the plural of letters, numbers, and symbols. • Be consistent. – Cowboy legends began as early as the 1860’s. – Cowboys often did not know their A’s from B’s. English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Ownership • Use the apostrophe and an - s to form the possessive case. – A cowboy’s work is never done. – Frederic Remington’s art reflected the spirit of the wild west. English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Singular Nouns • For singular nouns ending in -s, it is acceptable to form the possessive by adding -’s or by adding only an apostrophe. The writer must be consistent throughout a piece of writing. – Columbus’ horses, which he brought on his second voyage, were the first to arrive in the new world. English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Plural Nouns • Form the possessive of plural nouns by adding an apostrophe. – The wranglers’ gloves protected their hands from rope burns, cutting reins, and cold. • Indicate the possessive of plural nouns not ending in -s by adding an apostrophe and an -s. – Men’s clothing often indicates their profession. English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Compound Words and Phrases • Compound words: – Annie Oakley was married, but we do not know if her father-in-law’s views about cowgirls were positive ones. English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Do Not Use The Apostrophe • Possessive pronouns and possessive adjectives do not use apostrophes. – We can recognize an Appaloosa by its distinct spots. – The spurs are ours. English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Apostrophe Practice Review Directions: Identify as correct or incorrect. • Children and adults throughout the world celebrate a variety of holidays. Correct English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Apostrophe Practice Review Directions: Identify as correct or incorrect. • American towns display fireworks as a highlight of patriotic celebrations. Correct English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Apostrophe Practice Review Directions: Identify as correct or incorrect. • My fathers biggest barbecue is held on the Fourth of July. Incorrect: father’s English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Apostrophe Practice Review Directions: Identify as correct or incorrect. • The United States postal service distributed a stamp commemorating Mexicos Cinco de Mayo. Incorrect: Mexico’s English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Apostrophe Practice Review Directions: Identify as correct or incorrect. • Many countries celebrate religious events as national holidays. Correct NOTE: Countries is the plural form of country. • Our country’s most popular holiday is Christmas. English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e Correct © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Apostrophe Practice Review Directions: Identify as correct or incorrect. • Saint James Day is a festive day in Spain. Incorrect: James’ English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Apostrophe Practice Review Directions: Identify as correct or incorrect. • Germanys and Italys religious celebrations are sometimes similar, even when it comes to food. Incorrect: Germany’s/ Italy’s English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Apostrophe Practice Review Directions: Identify as correct or incorrect. • Christmas Eve and its traditional meal of seven fishes has a basis in Germany and Italy. Correct English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Chapter 35 Apostrophe Practice Review Directions: Identify as correct or incorrect. • In the 70 s people did not decorate their homes for holidays, such as Saint Patricks Day and Halloween, to the extent that they do today. Incorrect: ‘ 70 s Patrick’s English Skills, 10 e English Skills with Readings, 8 e © 2012 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.